EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Watercress (as plant) // Nasturtium officinale R.Br.

Family:: Brassicaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 961
Number of processed references:: 4

Compositions

#1: Alkaloid in live plant #2: Thyocyanates in leave #3: Gluconasturtiin (phenylethylglucosinolate) in seed

Endpoint Studies

#1: Antifertility of water extract in pregnant rats

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Zalackas, C. Antidote to nicotine. comptes rendus hebdomadaires des seances de l'academie des sciences, 1905, p. 741–742. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Alkaloid in live plant

Composition #2: Han, Hyejung., Kwon, Hoonjeong. Estimated dietary intake of thiocyanate from Brassicaceae family in Korean diet. journal of toxicology and environmental health, part a: current issues, 2009, p. 1380–1387. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

Glucosinolates (RF-00000330-TOX)
Additional substance description:

Thyocyanates
Analytical method code:

Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
Result unit:

Microgram/gram (G049A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

293.2-570.3
Internal remarks:

Thyocyanates in leave

Composition #3: Williams, David J., Critchley, Christal., Pun, Sharon., Chaliha, Mridusmita., O'Hare, Timothy J. Differing mechanisms of simple nitrile formation on glucosinolate degradation in Lepidium sativum and Nasturtium officinale seeds . phytochemistry, 2009, vol. 70, no. 11-12, p. 1401–1409. DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.07.035. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

water (boiling)
Substance:

gluconasturtiin (RF-00003843-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Result unit:

Millimole/kilogram (G070A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

54
Internal remarks:

Gluconasturtiin (phenylethylglucosinolate) in seed

Endpoint study #1: Elbetieha, A., Al-Hamood, M.H., Alkofahi, A. Anti-implantation potential of some medicinal plants in female rats. archives of std/hiv research, 1996, vol. 10, no. 3, p. 181–188. .

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

water extract
Type of toxicological test:

reproduction toxicity (CHD009TT)
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Strain of test organism:

Sprague-Dawley (CHD012ST)
Sex:

Female
Control groups used:

no data
Endpoint measured:

Dose not reported (CHD066EP)
Critical effect:

REPRODUCTIVE (TOX05A)
Target tissue:

urogenital: Uterus (TT052A)
Effect description:

reduced the number of viable fetuses in pregnant rats, increased the number of resorptions
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

reproduction (CHD014BE)
Internal remarks:

Antifertility of water extract in pregnant rats