EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Banana AB hybrid cultivars (as plant) // Musa acuminata x Musa balbisiana // Musa x paradisiaca L.

Family:: Musaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 2091
Number of processed references:: 4

Compositions

#1: Alkaloids in leaves #2: Cardiac glycosides in leaves #3: Cyanogenic glycosides in the aerial parts #4: Saponins in the aerial parts #5: Alkaloids in the aerial parts #6: Oxalates in the aerial parts #7: Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR) in the sap #8: Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR) in the sap #9: Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR) in the sap

Endpoint Studies

Genotoxicity

#1: DNA damage in peripheral blood leucocytes, increase in the mean of micronucleated polychromatic erytrocytes

Composition #1: Mbagwu, H., Jackson, C., Ekpo, M., Okopedi, E., Anah, V., Ugwu, C. Gastroprotective effects of ethanolic leaf extract of Musa paradisiaca L.(Musaceae) in rats. journal of chemical and pharmaceutical research, 2011, vol. 3, no. 3, p. 322–327. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethanol
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Alkaloids in leaves

Composition #2: Mbagwu, H., Jackson, C., Ekpo, M., Okopedi, E., Anah, V., Ugwu, C. Gastroprotective effects of ethanolic leaf extract of Musa paradisiaca L.(Musaceae) in rats. journal of chemical and pharmaceutical research, 2011, vol. 3, no. 3, p. 322–327. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethanol
Substance:

cardiac glycosides (RF-00010823-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Cardiac glycosides in leaves

Composition #3: Akpabio, U.D., Udiong, D.S., Akpakpan, A.E. The physicochemical characteristics of plantain (Musa Paradisiaca) and banana (Musa Sapientum) pseudostem wastes. Advances in Natural and Applied Sciences, 2012, vol. 6, no. 2, p. 167–172. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

Cyanogenic glycosides (RF-00004375-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
Result unit:

Milligram/100 gram (G057A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.47
Internal remarks:

Cyanogenic glycosides in the aerial parts

Composition #4: Akpabio, U.D., Udiong, D.S., Akpakpan, A.E. The physicochemical characteristics of plantain (Musa Paradisiaca) and banana (Musa Sapientum) pseudostem wastes. Advances in Natural and Applied Sciences, 2012, vol. 6, no. 2, p. 167–172. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Saponins in the aerial parts

Composition #5: Akpabio, U.D., Udiong, D.S., Akpakpan, A.E. The physicochemical characteristics of plantain (Musa Paradisiaca) and banana (Musa Sapientum) pseudostem wastes. Advances in Natural and Applied Sciences, 2012, vol. 6, no. 2, p. 167–172. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Alkaloids in the aerial parts

Composition #6: Akpabio, U.D., Udiong, D.S., Akpakpan, A.E. The physicochemical characteristics of plantain (Musa Paradisiaca) and banana (Musa Sapientum) pseudostem wastes. Advances in Natural and Applied Sciences, 2012, vol. 6, no. 2, p. 167–172. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

Oxalates (RF-00004308-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
Result unit:

Milligram/100 gram (G057A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

56.28
Internal remarks:

Oxalates in the aerial parts

Composition #7: Yakubu, Musa T., Nurudeen, Quadri O., Salimon, Saoban S., Yakubu, Monsurat O., Jimoh, Rukayat O., Nafiu, Mikhail O., Akanji, Musbau A., Oladiji, Adenike T., Williams, Felicia E. Antidiarrhoeal Activity of Musa paradisiaca Sap in Wistar Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE, 2015 . DOI: 10.1155/2015/683726. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Trunk (as part-nature) (A166N)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Sap added distilled water, filtration
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR) in the sap

Composition #8: Yakubu, Musa T., Nurudeen, Quadri O., Salimon, Saoban S., Yakubu, Monsurat O., Jimoh, Rukayat O., Nafiu, Mikhail O., Akanji, Musbau A., Oladiji, Adenike T., Williams, Felicia E. Antidiarrhoeal Activity of Musa paradisiaca Sap in Wistar Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE, 2015 . DOI: 10.1155/2015/683726. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Trunk (as part-nature) (A166N)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Sap is stirred with 5.0 mL of 1% v/v aqueous HCl, filtration, precipitation
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR) in the sap

Composition #9: Yakubu, Musa T., Nurudeen, Quadri O., Salimon, Saoban S., Yakubu, Monsurat O., Jimoh, Rukayat O., Nafiu, Mikhail O., Akanji, Musbau A., Oladiji, Adenike T., Williams, Felicia E. Antidiarrhoeal Activity of Musa paradisiaca Sap in Wistar Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE, 2015 . DOI: 10.1155/2015/683726. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Trunk (as part-nature) (A166N)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Sap is added 10% ethanolic KOH, precipitation
Substance:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR) in the sap

Genotox #1: Andrade, C. U. B., Perazzo, F. F., Maistro, E. L. Mutagenicity of the Musa paradisiaca (Musaceae) fruit peel extract in mouse peripheral blood cells in vivo. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH, 2008, vol. 7, no. 3, p. 725–732. .

Study category:

Mutagenicity
Type of toxicological test:

single cell gel/comet assay in mammalian cells for detection of DNA damage (CHD040TT)
Method type:

in vivo
Tested organism:

House mouse (as animal) (A0CNT)
Sex:

Male/Female
Route of exposure:

ORAL: GAVAGE (OECD2231PL)
Exposure duration for in vivo:

24.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Hour (G099A)
Number of organisms dosed:

30
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

DNA damage and/or repair
Is genotoxic:

Positive
Remarks on genotox study:

DNA damage in peripheral blood leucocytes, increase in the mean of micronucleated polychromatic erytrocytes
Internal remarks:

DNA damage in peripheral blood leucocytes, increase in the mean of micronucleated polychromatic erytrocytes
Internal ID:

WOS:000260227100016