EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng

Family:: Rutaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 1209
Number of processed references:: 7

Compositions

#1: Phellopterin(furanocoumarin) in seed #2: Furanocoumarins in seeds #3: Saponins in live plants #4: Tannins in live plants #5: Yuehchukene in root #6: Carbazole alkaloids #7: Isosafrole in leaf essential oil #8: Carbazole alkaloids in leaves #9: Myrcene

Endpoint Studies

#1: alpha-amylase inhibition by chloroform extract of leaves or seeds

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Adebajo, Adeleke C., Reisch, Johannes. Minor furocoumarins of Murraya koenigii. fitoterapia, 2000, vol. 71, no. 3, p. 334–337. DOI: 10.1016/S0367-326X(99)00163-X. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

unspeciied
Substance:

Phellopterin (RF-00003560-PAR)
Analytical method code:

HPLC with standard detection methods (F019A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.00096
Internal remarks:

Phellopterin(furanocoumarin) in seed

Composition #2: Adebajo, Adeleke C., Reisch, Johannes. Minor furocoumarins of Murraya koenigii. fitoterapia, 2000, vol. 71, no. 3, p. 334–337. DOI: 10.1016/S0367-326X(99)00163-X. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

Furanocoumarins (RF-00004381-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Xanthotoxin, isobyakangelicol, gosferol, neobyakangelicol, byakangelicol, byakangelicin and isogosferol
Analytical method code:

HPLC with standard detection methods (F019A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Furanocoumarins in seeds

Composition #3: Worthley, Elmer G., Schott, C. Donald. Biologically-active compounds in some flowering plants. life sciences, 1969, p. 225–238. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

water and 95% EtOH
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Saponins in live plants

Composition #4: Worthley, Elmer G., Schott, C. Donald. Biologically-active compounds in some flowering plants. life sciences, 1969, p. 225–238. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Live plants (as part-nature) (A0BA0)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

water and 98% EtOH
Substance:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Tannins in live plants

Composition #5: Kong, Y.C., Ng, G.K.H., Wat, C.K.H., But, P.P.H. Pharmacognostic differentiation between murraya paniculata (l.) jack and murraya koenigii (l.) spreng. pharmaceutical biology, 1986, vol. 24, no. 3, p. 167–170. DOI: 10.3109/13880208609060894. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

indole alkaloids (RF-00004503-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Yuehchukene
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Yuehchukene in root

Composition #6: Salikutty, J., Peter, K. V., Divakaran, M., Peter, KV. Curry leaf. handbook of herbs and spices, vol 1, 2nd edition, 2012, no. 227, p. 260–274. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Carbazole alkaloids (Isomurrayazoline, mahanimbinol)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Carbazole alkaloids

Composition #7: Salikutty, J., Peter, K. V., Divakaran, M., Peter, KV. Curry leaf. handbook of herbs and spices, vol 1, 2nd edition, 2012, no. 227, p. 260–274. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

isosafrole (RF-00003886-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

4.4
Internal remarks:

Isosafrole in leaf essential oil

Composition #8: Nakamura, Seikou., Nakashima, Souichi., Oda, Yoshimi., Yokota, Nami., Fujimoto, Katsuyoshi., Matsumoto, Takahiro., Ohta, Tomoe., Ogawa, Keiko., Maeda, Sayuri., Nishida, Shino., Matsuda, Hisashi., Yoshikawa, Masayuki. Alkaloids from Sri Lankan curry-leaf (Murraya koenigii) display melanogenesis inhibitory activity: Structures of karapinchamines A and B . bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 2013, vol. 21, no. 5, p. 1043–1049. DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.01.012. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Carbazole alkaloid (bicyclomahanimbicine, mahanimbicine, mahanimbine, murrayamine B, O-methylmahanine, pyrayafoline D, eustifoline C, euchrestine B, murrayamine E, koenimbine and girinimbine)
Analytical method code:

HPLC with standard detection methods (F019A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.12
Internal remarks:

Carbazole alkaloids in leaves

Composition #9: Verma, Ram S., Chauhan, Amit., Padalia, Rajendra C., Jat, Sanjeev K., Thul, Sanjog., Sundaresan, Velusamy. Phytochemical Diversity of Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng. from Western Himalaya . chemistry & biodiversity, 2013, vol. 10, no. 4, p. 628–641. DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201200054. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Substance:

myrcene (RF-00003503-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.5-2.1
Internal remarks:

Myrcene

Endpoint study #1: Benalla, W., Bellahcen, S., Bnouham, M. Antidiabetic medicinal plants as a source of alpha glucosidase inhibitors. current diabetes reviews, 2010, vol. 6, no. 4, p. 247–254. DOI: 10.2174/157339910791658826. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

Chloroform
Type of toxicological test:

in vitro (CHD061TT)
Endpoint measured:

Dose not reported (CHD066EP)
Critical effect:

Digestive (TOX18A)
Target tissue:

Digestive (TT002A)
Effect description:

the chloroform extract of M. koenigii has significant alpha-amylase inhibitory property
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

enzyme inhibition (CHD032BE)
Internal remarks:

alpha-amylase inhibition by chloroform extract of leaves or seeds