EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Galanga (as plant) // Kaempferia galanga L.

Family:: Zingiberaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 543
Number of processed references:: 5

Compositions

#1: 1,8-cineole #2: Alkaloids #3: estragole #4: 1,8-Cineole

Endpoint Studies

#1: The differential leukocyte counts showed a slight but significant decrease of lymphocyte count

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Jirovetz, L., Buchbauer, G., Shafi, P.M., Abraham, G.T. Analysis of the essential oil of the roots of the medicinal plant Kaempferia galanga L. (Zingiberaceae) from South-India. acta pharmaceutica turcica, 2001, vol. 43, no. 2, p. 107–110. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Substance:

1,8-cineole (RF-00003470-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

2.4
Internal remarks:

1,8-cineole

Composition #2: Rajendra, C.E., Magadum, G.S., Nadaf, M.A., Yashoda, S.V., Manjula, M. Phytochemical screening of the rhizome of Kaempferia galanga. international journal of pharmacognosy and phytochemical research, 2011, vol. 3, no. 3, p. 61–63. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Alkaloids

Composition #3: Luo, J., Wu, D., Zhong, Y.-K. Analysis of volatile components of kaempferia galanga L. from guizhou by solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. modern food science and technology, 2014, vol. 30, no. 12, p. 271–276. DOI: 10.13982/j.mfst.1673-9078.2014.12.045. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Substance:

Estragole (RF-00003806-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

61.53
Internal remarks:

estragole

Composition #4: Raina, Archana P., Abraham, Z., Sivaraj, N. Diversity analysis of Kaempferia galanga L. germplasm from South India using DIVA-GIS approach. INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS, 2015, vol. 69, p. 433–439. DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.02.052. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts used as staple food (as part-nature) (A0F5F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

Hydro distillation, Clevenger-type
Substance:

1,8-cineole (RF-00003470-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.19-5.17
Internal remarks:

1,8-Cineole

Endpoint study #1: Kanjanapothi, D., Panthong, A., Lertprasertsuke, N., Taesotikul, T., Rujjanawate, C., Kaewpinit, D., Sudthayakorn, R., Choochote, W., Chaithong, U., Jitpakdi, A., Pitasawat, B. Toxicity of crude rhizome extract of Kaempferia galanga L. (Proh Hom). journal of ethnopharmacology, 2004, vol. 90, no. 2-3, p. 359–365. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2003.10.020. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

Ethanolic extract
Type of toxicological test:

short-term toxicity (CHD017TT)
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Strain of test organism:

Sprague-Dawley (CHD012ST)
Sex:

Male/Female
Exposure duration:

28.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Number of organisms dosed:

80
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Concentration level (CHD013EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligrams per kilogram body weight (G225A)
Effect concentration:

50
Critical effect:

IMMUNOTOXICITY (TOX09A)
Target tissue:

cardiovascular / haematological: Lymph Nodes (TT013A)
Effect description:

The differential leukocyte counts showed a slight but significant decrease of lymphocyte count
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

haematology (CHD023BE)
Internal remarks:

The differential leukocyte counts showed a slight but significant decrease of lymphocyte count