Draft - work in progress
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- Eastern black walnut (as plant) // Juglans nigra L.
Eastern black walnut (as plant) // Juglans nigra L.
- Family:
- Juglandaceae
- Approval state:
- Approved
- Number of articles retrieved:
- 1069
- Number of processed references:
- 5
Composition #1: Lee, Kuo-Chuan., Campbell, Richard W. Nature and occurrence of juglone in Juglans nigra. hortscience, 1969, p. 297–298. .
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Plant part:
Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
petroleum ether
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Substance:
juglone (RF-00003889-PAR)
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Analytical method code:
Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
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Result unit:
Milligram/gram (G060A)
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Result type:
Numerical Value (VAL)
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Value (concentration, content):
1.76-2.90
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Internal remarks:
Juglone in leaves
Composition #2: Lee, Kuo-Chuan., Campbell, Richard W. Nature and occurrence of juglone in Juglans nigra. hortscience, 1969, p. 297–298. .
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Plant part:
Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
petroleum ether
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Substance:
juglone (RF-00003889-PAR)
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Additional substance description:
levels of juglone in hulls
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Analytical method code:
Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
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Result unit:
Milligram/gram (G060A)
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Result type:
Numerical Value (VAL)
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Value (concentration, content):
4.41-9.42
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Internal remarks:
Juglone in hulls
Composition #3: Lee, Kuo-Chuan., Campbell, Richard W. Nature and occurrence of juglone in Juglans nigra. hortscience, 1969, p. 297–298. .
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Plant part:
Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
petroleum ether
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Substance:
juglone (RF-00003889-PAR)
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Additional substance description:
levels of juglone in roots in September
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Analytical method code:
Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
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Result unit:
Milligram/gram (G060A)
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Result type:
Numerical Value (VAL)
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Value (concentration, content):
7.21-8.82
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Internal remarks:
Juglone in roots
Composition #4: Mapelli, S., Bertani, A. Involvement of phenolic compounds in walnut trees responses to soil flooding. izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii, lesnoi zhurnal, 2015, p. 21–29. .
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Plant part:
Unspecified (A07XD)
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Additional extraction description:
unspecified
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Substance:
juglone (RF-00003889-PAR)
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Analytical method code:
High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
Juglone
Composition #5: Bianco, MA., Handaji, A., Savolainen, H. Quantitative analysis of ellagic acid in hardwood samples. SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT, 1998, vol. 222, no. 1-2, p. 123–126. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(98)00294-0.
[
DOI link]
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Plant part:
Wood (as part-nature) (A166P)
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Extraction/Preparation method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional extraction description:
MeOH
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Substance:
gallic acid (RF-00003821-PAR)
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Analytical method code:
HPLC with standard detection methods (F019A)
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Yes/No Qualitative:
Positive/Present (POS)
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Result type:
Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
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Internal remarks:
Gallic acid
Endpoint study
#1: Coleman AE., Merola V. Clinical signs associated with ingestion of black walnut tree (Juglans nigra)wood, nuts, and hulls in dogs: 93 cases (2001-2012).. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 2016, vol. 248, no. 2, p. 195–200. DOI: 10.2460/javma.248.2.195.
[
DOI link]
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Study relevance:
Animal (target species) health
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Plant part:
Wood (as part-nature) (A166P)
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Preparation/Extraction method:
Fresh (A166Y)
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Type of toxicological test:
case report (CHD060TT)
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Tested organism:
Dog (as animal) (A0CNL)
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Route of exposure:
ORAL: FEED (OECD2230PL)
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Number of organisms dosed:
28
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Control groups used:
no data
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Endpoint measured:
Dose not reported (CHD066EP)
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Critical effect:
NEUROTOXICITY (TOX04A)
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Target tissue:
Neurologic (TT004A)
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Effect description:
neurologic or musculoskeletal signs
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Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:
neurology (CHD027BE)
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Internal remarks:
neurological toxicity
Endpoint study
#2: Coleman AE., Merola V. Clinical signs associated with ingestion of black walnut tree (Juglans nigra)wood, nuts, and hulls in dogs: 93 cases (2001-2012).. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 2016, vol. 248, no. 2, p. 195–200. DOI: 10.2460/javma.248.2.195.
[
DOI link]
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Study relevance:
Animal (target species) health
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Plant part:
Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
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Preparation/Extraction method:
Fresh (A166Y)
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Type of toxicological test:
case report (CHD060TT)
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Tested organism:
Dog (as animal) (A0CNL)
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Route of exposure:
ORAL: FEED (OECD2230PL)
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Number of organisms dosed:
65
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Control groups used:
no data
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Endpoint measured:
Dose not reported (CHD066EP)
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Critical effect:
Digestive (TOX18A)
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Target tissue:
digestive: Stomach (TT027A)
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Effect description:
vomiting
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Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:
not reported (CHD030BE)
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Internal remarks:
Vomiting following ingestion of nuts
Endpoint study
#3: EATON, SA., ALLEN, D., EADES, SC., SCHNEIDER, DA. DIGITAL STARLING FORCES AND HEMODYNAMICS DURING EARLY LAMINITIS INDUCED BY AN AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF BLACK-WALNUT (JUGLANS NIGRA) IN HORSES . american journal of veterinary research, 1995, vol. 56, no. 10, p. 1338–1344. .
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Study relevance:
Animal (target species) health
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Plant part:
Wood (as part-nature) (A166P)
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Preparation/Extraction method:
Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
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Additional plant/substance description:
water extract of heartwood shavings
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Type of toxicological test:
short-term toxicity (CHD017TT)
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Tested organism:
Horse (as animal) (A0B9Z)
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Route of exposure:
ORAL: GAVAGE (OECD2231PL)
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Unit of exposure duration:
Meal (G109A)
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Number of organisms dosed:
5
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Endpoint measured:
Dose not reported (CHD066EP)
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Critical effect:
Other toxicities (TOX19A)
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Target tissue:
Cardiovascular / Haematological (TT001A)
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Effect description:
laminitis; increase in capillary pressure causing transvascular fluid movement ,and resulting in increased tissue pressure and edema
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Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:
mobility (CHD011BE)
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Internal remarks:
Laminitis in horses
