EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Jatropha podagrica Hook.

Family:: Euphorbiaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 89
Number of processed references:: 6

Compositions

#1: phorbol esters (16-hydroxyphorbol) #2: Alkaloids (leaf) #3: alkaloids (stem) #4: alkloids (seed) #5: alkaloids (root) #6: tannins (leaf) #7: tannins (stem) #8: tannins (seed) #9: tannins (root) #10: saponins (leaves) #11: saponins (stem) #12: saponins (seed) #13: saponins (root) #14: Coumarins (bark) #15: japodagrone (root, diterpene ketone) #16: japodagrin (root, diterpene ketone) #17: diterpene ketones (japodagricanone A, japodagricanone B, 15-epi- 4E-jatrogrossidentadion)

Endpoint Studies

Genotoxicity

#1: Tumor promotion positive (activation latent EBV) #2: Tumor promotion positive (irritant activity mouse ear)

Composition #1: Adolf, W., Opferkuch, H. J., Hecker, E. Irritant phorbol derivatives from Jatropha species. Phytochemistry (Elsevier), 1984, p. 129–132. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

DEE
Substance:

Phorbol esters (RF-00004310-PAR)
Additional substance description:

16-hydroxyphorbol
Analytical method code:

Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

phorbol esters (16-hydroxyphorbol)

Composition #2: Nwokocha., Blessing, A., Agbagwa, I.O., Okoli, B.E. Comparative phytochemical screening of Jatropha L. Species in the Niger Delta. research journal of phytochemistry, 2011, vol. 5, no. 2, p. 107–114. DOI: 10.3923/rjphyto.2011.107114. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.33
Internal remarks:

Alkaloids (leaf)

Composition #3: Nwokocha., Blessing, A., Agbagwa, I.O., Okoli, B.E. Comparative phytochemical screening of Jatropha L. Species in the Niger Delta. research journal of phytochemistry, 2011, vol. 5, no. 2, p. 107–114. DOI: 10.3923/rjphyto.2011.107114. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Stem / stalk (as part-nature) (A067S)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.15
Internal remarks:

alkaloids (stem)

Composition #4: Nwokocha., Blessing, A., Agbagwa, I.O., Okoli, B.E. Comparative phytochemical screening of Jatropha L. Species in the Niger Delta. research journal of phytochemistry, 2011, vol. 5, no. 2, p. 107–114. DOI: 10.3923/rjphyto.2011.107114. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.18
Internal remarks:

alkloids (seed)

Composition #5: Nwokocha., Blessing, A., Agbagwa, I.O., Okoli, B.E. Comparative phytochemical screening of Jatropha L. Species in the Niger Delta. research journal of phytochemistry, 2011, vol. 5, no. 2, p. 107–114. DOI: 10.3923/rjphyto.2011.107114. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.26
Internal remarks:

alkaloids (root)

Composition #6: Nwokocha., Blessing, A., Agbagwa, I.O., Okoli, B.E. Comparative phytochemical screening of Jatropha L. Species in the Niger Delta. research journal of phytochemistry, 2011, vol. 5, no. 2, p. 107–114. DOI: 10.3923/rjphyto.2011.107114. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Substance:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

6.79
Internal remarks:

tannins (leaf)

Composition #7: Nwokocha., Blessing, A., Agbagwa, I.O., Okoli, B.E. Comparative phytochemical screening of Jatropha L. Species in the Niger Delta. research journal of phytochemistry, 2011, vol. 5, no. 2, p. 107–114. DOI: 10.3923/rjphyto.2011.107114. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Stem / stalk (as part-nature) (A067S)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Substance:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.21
Internal remarks:

tannins (stem)

Composition #8: Nwokocha., Blessing, A., Agbagwa, I.O., Okoli, B.E. Comparative phytochemical screening of Jatropha L. Species in the Niger Delta. research journal of phytochemistry, 2011, vol. 5, no. 2, p. 107–114. DOI: 10.3923/rjphyto.2011.107114. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Substance:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

3.89
Internal remarks:

tannins (seed)

Composition #9: Nwokocha., Blessing, A., Agbagwa, I.O., Okoli, B.E. Comparative phytochemical screening of Jatropha L. Species in the Niger Delta. research journal of phytochemistry, 2011, vol. 5, no. 2, p. 107–114. DOI: 10.3923/rjphyto.2011.107114. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Substance:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

2.73
Internal remarks:

tannins (root)

Composition #10: Nwokocha., Blessing, A., Agbagwa, I.O., Okoli, B.E. Comparative phytochemical screening of Jatropha L. Species in the Niger Delta. research journal of phytochemistry, 2011, vol. 5, no. 2, p. 107–114. DOI: 10.3923/rjphyto.2011.107114. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

3.15
Internal remarks:

saponins (leaves)

Composition #11: Nwokocha., Blessing, A., Agbagwa, I.O., Okoli, B.E. Comparative phytochemical screening of Jatropha L. Species in the Niger Delta. research journal of phytochemistry, 2011, vol. 5, no. 2, p. 107–114. DOI: 10.3923/rjphyto.2011.107114. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Stem / stalk (as part-nature) (A067S)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

2.77
Internal remarks:

saponins (stem)

Composition #12: Nwokocha., Blessing, A., Agbagwa, I.O., Okoli, B.E. Comparative phytochemical screening of Jatropha L. Species in the Niger Delta. research journal of phytochemistry, 2011, vol. 5, no. 2, p. 107–114. DOI: 10.3923/rjphyto.2011.107114. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

2.44
Internal remarks:

saponins (seed)

Composition #13: Nwokocha., Blessing, A., Agbagwa, I.O., Okoli, B.E. Comparative phytochemical screening of Jatropha L. Species in the Niger Delta. research journal of phytochemistry, 2011, vol. 5, no. 2, p. 107–114. DOI: 10.3923/rjphyto.2011.107114. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

3.25
Internal remarks:

saponins (root)

Composition #14: Rumzhum, N.N., Sohrab, M.H., Al-Mansur, M.A., Rahman, M.S., Hasan, C.M., Rashid, M.A. Secondary metabolites from Jatropha podagrica hook. journal of physical science, 2012, vol. 23, no. 1, p. 29–37. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

MeOH
Substance:

coumarins (RF-00004351-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Fraxetin, fraxidin, scoparone
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Coumarins (bark)

Composition #15: Alyelaagbe, Olapeju O., Adesogan, Kayode., Ekundayo, Olusegun., Gloer, James B. Antibacterial diterpenoids from Jatropha podagrica hook. phytochemistry, 2007, vol. 68, no. 19, p. 2420–2425. DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.05.021. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

MeOH
Substance:

japodagrone (RF-00011470-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

japodagrone (root, diterpene ketone)

Composition #16: Alyelaagbe, Olapeju O., Adesogan, Kayode., Ekundayo, Olusegun., Gloer, James B. Antibacterial diterpenoids from Jatropha podagrica hook. phytochemistry, 2007, vol. 68, no. 19, p. 2420–2425. DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.05.021. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

MeOH
Substance:

japodagrin (RF-00011471-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Colorimetry, Spectroscopy (Spectrometry) and Photometry (F008A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

japodagrin (root, diterpene ketone)

Composition #17: Liu, Wei-Wei., Zhang, Yu., Yuan, Chun-Mao., Yu, Chun., Ding, Jia-Ying., Li, Xiao-Xiao., Hao, Xiao-Jiang., Wang, Qing., Li, Shun-Lin. Japodagricanones A and B, novel diterpenoids from Jatropha podagrica. FITOTERAPIA, 2014, vol. 98, p. 156–159. DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2014.07.021. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

MeOH
Substance:

Diterpene ketones (RF-00010828-PAR)
Additional substance description:

japodagricanone A, japodagricanone B
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

diterpene ketones (japodagricanone A, japodagricanone B, 15-epi- 4E-jatrogrossidentadion)

Genotox #1: Ilham, M., Yaday, M., Norhanom, A. W. Tumor promoting activity of plants used in Malaysian traditional medicine. natural product sciences, 1995, p. 31–42. .

Study category:

Genotoxicity
Type of toxicological test:

other (CHD008TT)
Method type:

in vitro
Guideline used:

No guideline available
Tested organism:

Other (A07XE)
Is genotoxic:

Positive
Remarks on genotox study:

Positive tumor promotion caused by ether extract of the seeds. Induction of Epstein-Barr virus early antigen.
Internal remarks:

Tumor promotion positive (activation latent EBV)
Internal ID:

CAPLUS_1996:197457

Genotox #2: Ilham, M., Yaday, M., Norhanom, A. W. Tumor promoting activity of plants used in Malaysian traditional medicine. natural product sciences, 1995, p. 31–42. .

Study category:

Genotoxicity
Type of toxicological test:

other (CHD008TT)
Method type:

in vivo
Guideline used:

No guideline available
Tested organism:

House mouse (as animal) (A0CNT)
Strain of test organism:

ICR (CHD044ST)
Sex:

Female
Route of exposure:

OTHER (OECD0PL)
Exposure duration for in vivo:

24.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Hour (G099A)
Is genotoxic:

Positive
Remarks on genotox study:

Positive tumor promotion caused by ether extract of the seeds - irritant activity on mouse ear.
Internal remarks:

Tumor promotion positive (irritant activity mouse ear)
Internal ID:

CAPLUS_1996:197457