EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Hybanthus calceolaria (L.) Oken // Hybanthus ipecacuanha (L.) Baill. // Hybanthus ipecacuanha (L.) Oken // Ionidium ipecacuanha (L.) Vent.

Family:: Violaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 13
Number of processed references:: 2

Compositions

Endpoint Studies

#1: emmenagogue #2: neurotoxicity - ataxia, myokimia to cattle caused by fruit ingestion #3: diarrhea to cattle caused by fruit ingestion #4: mortality (neurotoxicity + digestive)

Genotoxicity

Endpoint study #1: Agra, M.F., Baracho, G.S., Nurit, K., Basílio, I.J.L.D., Coelho, V.P.M. Medicinal and poisonous diversity of the flora of "Cariri Paraibano", Brazil. journal of ethnopharmacology, 2007, vol. 111, no. 2, p. 383–395. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2006.12.007. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

decoction
Type of toxicological test:

reproduction toxicity (CHD009TT)
Tested organism:

Human (as organism) (A056J)
Sex:

Female
Route of exposure:

ORAL: DRINKING WATER (OECD2229PL)
Endpoint measured:

Dose not reported (CHD066EP)
Critical effect:

REPRODUCTIVE (TOX05A)
Target tissue:

Urogenital (TT006A)
Effect description:

emmenagogue
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

reproduction (CHD014BE)
Internal remarks:

emmenagogue

Endpoint study #2: Carvalho, Fabricio K. L., Nascimento, Eduardo M., Rocha, Brena P., Mendonca, Fabio S., Veschi, Josir L. A., Silva, Silvana M. M. S., Medeiros, Rosane M. T., Riet-Correa, Franklin. Hybanthus calceolaria poisoning in cattle. JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION, 2014, vol. 26, no. 5, p. 674–677. DOI: 10.1177/1040638714544685. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Animal (target species) health
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Fresh (A166Y)
Type of toxicological test:

short-term toxicity (CHD017TT)
Limit test:

No data
Tested organism:

Cattle (as animal) (A057E)
Sex:

Male
Route of exposure:

ORAL: FEED (OECD2230PL)
Exposure duration:

3.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Number of organisms dosed:

1
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Grams per kilogram body weight per day (G212A)
Effect concentration:

80
Critical effect:

NEUROTOXICITY (TOX04A)
Target tissue:

Neurologic (TT004A)
Effect description:

neurotoxicity - ataxia, myokimia
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

neurology (CHD027BE)
Internal remarks:

neurotoxicity - ataxia, myokimia to cattle caused by fruit ingestion
completed:

True

Endpoint study #3: Carvalho, Fabricio K. L., Nascimento, Eduardo M., Rocha, Brena P., Mendonca, Fabio S., Veschi, Josir L. A., Silva, Silvana M. M. S., Medeiros, Rosane M. T., Riet-Correa, Franklin. Hybanthus calceolaria poisoning in cattle. JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION, 2014, vol. 26, no. 5, p. 674–677. DOI: 10.1177/1040638714544685. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Animal (target species) health
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Fresh (A166Y)
Type of toxicological test:

short-term toxicity (CHD017TT)
Limit test:

No data
Tested organism:

Cattle (as animal) (A057E)
Sex:

Male
Route of exposure:

ORAL: FEED (OECD2230PL)
Exposure duration:

3.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Number of organisms dosed:

1
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Grams per kilogram body weight per day (G212A)
Effect concentration:

80
Critical effect:

Digestive (TOX18A)
Target tissue:

Digestive (TT002A)
Effect description:

diarrhea, anorexia
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

other (CHD003BE)
Internal remarks:

diarrhea to cattle caused by fruit ingestion
completed:

True

Endpoint study #4: Carvalho, Fabricio K. L., Nascimento, Eduardo M., Rocha, Brena P., Mendonca, Fabio S., Veschi, Josir L. A., Silva, Silvana M. M. S., Medeiros, Rosane M. T., Riet-Correa, Franklin. Hybanthus calceolaria poisoning in cattle. JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION, 2014, vol. 26, no. 5, p. 674–677. DOI: 10.1177/1040638714544685. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Animal (target species) health
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Fresh (A166Y)
Additional plant/substance description:

fruiting stage
Type of toxicological test:

short-term toxicity (CHD017TT)
Limit test:

No data
Tested organism:

Cattle (as animal) (A057E)
Sex:

No data
Route of exposure:

ORAL: FEED (OECD2230PL)
Exposure duration:

7.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Number of organisms dosed:

21
Control groups used:

no data
Endpoint measured:

Dose not reported (CHD066EP)
Critical effect:

NEUROTOXICITY (TOX04A)
Target tissue:

Muscle, Skeletal (TT055A)
Effect description:

muscle tremors, myokymia, Anorexia, hypotony, and soft feces
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

mortality (CHD010BE)
Internal remarks:

mortality (neurotoxicity + digestive)
completed:

True