EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Lizard tail (as plant) // Houttuynia cordata (Thunb.)

Family:: Saururaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 3247
Number of processed references:: 3

Compositions

#1: Aristolactam A and B #2: Norcepharadione B #3: Cepharadione B #4: Splendidine #5: Piperolactam A #6: Myrcene

Endpoint Studies

#1: Significant increase in biochemistry markers (ALT and BUN), in kidney weight and histopathological findings (mineralisation, cortico medullary junction)

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Kim, SK., Ryu, SY., No, J., Choi, SU., Kim, YS. Cytotoxic alkaloids from Houttuynia cordata. ARCHIVES OF PHARMACAL RESEARCH, 2001, vol. 24, no. 6, p. 518–521. DOI: 10.1007/BF02975156. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

MeOH
Substance:

aristolactam (RF-00003693-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Aristolactame A and B
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Aristolactam A and B

Composition #2: Kim, SK., Ryu, SY., No, J., Choi, SU., Kim, YS. Cytotoxic alkaloids from Houttuynia cordata. ARCHIVES OF PHARMACAL RESEARCH, 2001, vol. 24, no. 6, p. 518–521. DOI: 10.1007/BF02975156. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

MeOH
Substance:

Norcepharadione B (RF-00011245-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Norcepharadione B

Composition #3: Kim, SK., Ryu, SY., No, J., Choi, SU., Kim, YS. Cytotoxic alkaloids from Houttuynia cordata. ARCHIVES OF PHARMACAL RESEARCH, 2001, vol. 24, no. 6, p. 518–521. DOI: 10.1007/BF02975156. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

MeOH
Substance:

Cepharadione B (RF-00011243-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Cepharadione B

Composition #4: Kim, SK., Ryu, SY., No, J., Choi, SU., Kim, YS. Cytotoxic alkaloids from Houttuynia cordata. ARCHIVES OF PHARMACAL RESEARCH, 2001, vol. 24, no. 6, p. 518–521. DOI: 10.1007/BF02975156. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

MeOH
Substance:

Splendidine (RF-00011166-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Splendidine

Composition #5: Kim, SK., Ryu, SY., No, J., Choi, SU., Kim, YS. Cytotoxic alkaloids from Houttuynia cordata. ARCHIVES OF PHARMACAL RESEARCH, 2001, vol. 24, no. 6, p. 518–521. DOI: 10.1007/BF02975156. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

MeOH
Substance:

Piperolactam A (RF-00011213-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Piperolactam A

Composition #6: Ch, Muhammad Ishtiaq., Wen, Yang F., Cheng, YiYu. Gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric analysis of the essential oil of Houttuynia cordata Thunb by using on-column methylation with tetramethylammonium acetate . journal of aoac international, 2007, vol. 90, no. 1, p. 60–67. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

myrcene (RF-00003503-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.64
Internal remarks:

Myrcene

Endpoint study #1: Yoshino, H., Imai, N., Nabae, K., Doi, Y., Tamano, S., Ogawa, K., Shirai, T. Thirteen-week oral toxicity study of Dokudami extract (Houttuynia cordata Thunb.) in F344/DuCrj rats. journal of toxicologic pathology, 2006, vol. 18, no. 4, p. 175–182. DOI: 10.1293/tox.18.175. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

ethanol (50%)
Type of toxicological test:

subchronic (CHD013TT)
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Strain of test organism:

Fischer 344/DuCrj (CHD090ST)
Sex:

Male/Female
Route of exposure:

ORAL: FEED (OECD2230PL)
Exposure duration:

13.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Week (G205A)
Number of organisms dosed:

20
Control groups used:

yes, concurrent no treatment
Endpoint measured:

Concentration level (CHD013EP)
Concentration unit:

Percent (G138A)
Effect concentration:

5
Critical effect:

NEPHROTOXICITY (TOX03A)
Target tissue:

urogenital: Kidneys (TT046A)
Effect description:

Significant increase in biochemistry markers (ALT and BUN), in kidney weight and histopathological findings (mineralisation, cortico medullary junction)
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

histopathology non neoplastic (CHD025BE)
Internal remarks:

Significant increase in biochemistry markers (ALT and BUN), in kidney weight and histopathological findings (mineralisation, cortico medullary junction)