EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Helicteres isora L.

Family:: Malvaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 217
Number of processed references:: 7

Compositions

#1: Dimethyleneberberine #2: alkaloids #3: Saponins (fruits) #4: Alkaloids #5: saponins #6: Anthraquinone #7: Cardiac glycosides #8: Tannins #9: Neolignans #10: Neolignans #11: saponins (roots) #12: Isocucurbitacin B #13: Cucurbitacin B

Endpoint Studies

#1: Behavioural changes #2: Significant weight loss.

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Elanchezhiyan, C., Kumaravel, K., Bhat, Bilal Ahmad., Sethupathty, S. Phytochemical and metabolite fingerprinting of Helictres isora through gas chromatography and mass spectrum analysis. Journal of Pharmacy Research (Mohali, India), 2014, p. 243–247. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

Dimethyleneberberine (RF-00011024-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.29
Internal remarks:

Dimethyleneberberine

Composition #2: Vijay, Kadam Prasad., Laxman, Bhingare Chandrashekhar., Ashok, Rathi Sandesh., Bansilal, Soni Suraj., Janardhan, Patil Manohar. Pharmacognostical evaluation of fruits of Helicteres isora Linn (Sterculiaceae). Journal of Biological Scientific Opinion, 2013, p. 5–8. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

alkaloids

Composition #3: Vijay, Kadam Prasad., Laxman, Bhingare Chandrashekhar., Ashok, Rathi Sandesh., Bansilal, Soni Suraj., Janardhan, Patil Manohar. Pharmacognostical evaluation of fruits of Helicteres isora Linn (Sterculiaceae). Journal of Biological Scientific Opinion, 2013, p. 5–8. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Saponins (fruits)

Composition #4: Kumar, G., Sharmila Banu, G., Murugesan, A.G., Rajasekara Pandian, M. Preliminary toxicity and phytochemical studies of aqueous bark extract of Helicteres isora L. International Journal of Pharmacology, 2007, vol. 3, no. 1, p. 96–100. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

water
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Alkaloids

Composition #5: Kumar, G., Sharmila Banu, G., Murugesan, A.G., Rajasekara Pandian, M. Preliminary toxicity and phytochemical studies of aqueous bark extract of Helicteres isora L. International Journal of Pharmacology, 2007, vol. 3, no. 1, p. 96–100. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

water
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

saponins

Composition #6: Kumar, G., Sharmila Banu, G., Murugesan, A.G., Rajasekara Pandian, M. Preliminary toxicity and phytochemical studies of aqueous bark extract of Helicteres isora L. International Journal of Pharmacology, 2007, vol. 3, no. 1, p. 96–100. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

water
Substance:

Anthraquinone (RF-0475-001-PPP)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Anthraquinone

Composition #7: Kumar, G., Sharmila Banu, G., Murugesan, A.G., Rajasekara Pandian, M. Preliminary toxicity and phytochemical studies of aqueous bark extract of Helicteres isora L. International Journal of Pharmacology, 2007, vol. 3, no. 1, p. 96–100. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

water
Substance:

cardiac glycosides (RF-00010823-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Cardiac glycosides

Composition #8: Kumar, G., Sharmila Banu, G., Murugesan, A.G., Rajasekara Pandian, M. Preliminary toxicity and phytochemical studies of aqueous bark extract of Helicteres isora L. International Journal of Pharmacology, 2007, vol. 3, no. 1, p. 96–100. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

water
Substance:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Tannins

Composition #9: Tezuka, Y., Terazono, M., Kusumoto, TI., Kawashima, Y., Hatanaka, Y., Kadota, S., Hattori, M., Namba, T., Kikuchi, T., Tanaka, K., Supriyatna, S. Helisterculins A and B, two new (7.5 ',8.2 ')-neolignans, and helisorin, the first (6.4 ',7.5 ',8.2 ')-neolignan, from the Indonesian medicinal plant Helicteres isora. HELVETICA CHIMICA ACTA, 1999, vol. 82, no. 3, p. 408–417. DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1522-2675(19990310)82:3<408::AID-HLCA408>3.0.CO;2-H. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

AcOEt, BuOH and water
Substance:

neolignans (RF-00004386-PAR)
Additional substance description:

helisterculins A and B, and helisorin
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Neolignans

Composition #10: Tezuka, Y., Terazono, M., Kusumoto, TI., Hatanaka, Y., Kadota, S., Hattori, M., Namba, T., Kikuchi, T., Tanaka, K., Supriyatna, S. Helicterins A-F, six new dimeric (7.5 ',8.2 ')-neolignans from the Indonesian medicinal plant Helicteres isora. HELVETICA CHIMICA ACTA, 2000, vol. 83, no. 11, p. 2908–2919. DOI: 10.1002/1522-2675(20001108)83:11<2908::AID-HLCA2908>3.0.CO;2-Z. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

AcOEt, BuOH, Methanol
Substance:

neolignans (RF-00004386-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Helicterin A, B, C, D, E, F
Analytical method code:

Chromatography hyphenated to element spectrometry (F355A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Neolignans

Composition #11: Bhavsar, Shefalee K., Singh, Satinder., Giri, Suresh., Jain, Mukul R., Santani, Dev D. Effect of saponins from Helicteres isora on lipid and glucose metabolism regulating genes expression. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY, 2009, vol. 124, no. 3, p. 426–433. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.05.041. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

saponins (roots)

Composition #12: BEAN, MF., ANTOUN, M., ABRAMSON, D., CHANG, CJ., MCLAUGHLIN, JL., CASSADY, JM. CUCURBITACIN B AND ISOCUCURBITACIN-B - CYTO-TOXIC COMPONENTS OF HELICTERES-ISORA. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS, 1985, vol. 48, no. 3, p. 500–500. DOI: 10.1021/np50039a033. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Ethanol
Substance:

Isocucurbitacin B (RF-00011250-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Isocucurbitacin B

Composition #13: BEAN, MF., ANTOUN, M., ABRAMSON, D., CHANG, CJ., MCLAUGHLIN, JL., CASSADY, JM. CUCURBITACIN B AND ISOCUCURBITACIN-B - CYTO-TOXIC COMPONENTS OF HELICTERES-ISORA. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS, 1985, vol. 48, no. 3, p. 500–500. DOI: 10.1021/np50039a033. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Ethanol
Substance:

cucurbitacin B (RF-00004232-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Cucurbitacin B

Endpoint study #1: Kumar, G., Sharmila Banu, G., Murugesan, A.G., Rajasekara Pandian, M. Preliminary toxicity and phytochemical studies of aqueous bark extract of Helicteres isora L. International Journal of Pharmacology, 2007, vol. 3, no. 1, p. 96–100. .

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

Water
Type of toxicological test:

acute toxicity (CHD016TT)
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Strain of test organism:

Wistar (CHD013ST)
Sex:

No data
Route of exposure:

OTHER (OECD0PL)
Number of organisms dosed:

5
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligrams per kilogram body weight (G225A)
Effect concentration:

2000
Critical effect:

NEUROTOXICITY (TOX04A)
Target tissue:

Neurologic (TT004A)
Effect description:

Behavioural changes. IC50 is higher than 2000 mg/kg bw.
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

behaviour (CHD001BE)
Internal remarks:

Behavioural changes

Endpoint study #2: Kumar, G., Sharmila Banu, G., Murugesan, A.G., Rajasekara Pandian, M. Preliminary toxicity and phytochemical studies of aqueous bark extract of Helicteres isora L. International Journal of Pharmacology, 2007, vol. 3, no. 1, p. 96–100. .

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

Water
Type of toxicological test:

short-term toxicity (CHD017TT)
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Strain of test organism:

Wistar (CHD013ST)
Sex:

No data
Route of exposure:

OTHER (OECD0PL)
Exposure duration:

20.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Number of organisms dosed:

10
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligrams per kilogram body weight (G225A)
Effect concentration:

500
Effect description:

Significant weight loss.
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

body weight (CHD005BE)
Internal remarks:

Significant weight loss.