EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Mangostan (as plant) // Garcinia mangostana L.

Family:: Clusiaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 1412
Number of processed references:: 2

Compositions

Endpoint Studies

#1: toxicity on kidney of concentrated oil #2: nephrotoxicity 500 mg/kg/day BUN (blood urea nitrogen) and creatinine #3: hepatotoxicity 1000 mg/kg/day AST (aspartate transminase) #4: hepatotoxicity 500 mg/kg/day ALT (alanine transminase)

Genotoxicity

Endpoint study #1: Ajayi, I. A., Oderinde, R. A., Ogunkoya, B. O., Egunyomi, A., Taiwo, V. O. Chemical analysis and preliminary toxicological evaluation of Garcinia mangostana seeds and seed oil. FOOD CHEMISTRY, 2007, vol. 101, no. 3, p. 999–1004. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.02.053. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Powder (A06JD)
Additional plant/substance description:

seed ground to paste (oil)
Type of toxicological test:

chronic/long term toxicity (CHD004TT)
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Sex:

No data
Route of exposure:

ORAL: FEED (OECD2230PL)
Exposure duration:

8.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Week (G205A)
Number of organisms dosed:

5
Control groups used:

yes, plain diet
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Percent/100 gram (G084A)
Effect concentration:

5
Critical effect:

NEPHROTOXICITY (TOX03A)
Target tissue:

urogenital: Kidneys (TT046A)
Effect description:

quite mild lesions observed in kidney
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

histopathology non neoplastic (CHD025BE)
Internal remarks:

toxicity on kidney of concentrated oil

Endpoint study #2: Chivapat, Songpol., Chavalittumrong, Pranee., Wongsinkongman, Prapai., Phisalpong, Chada., Rungsipipat, Anudep. Chronic Toxicity Study of Garcinia mangostana Linn. pericarp Extract. THAI JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE, 2011, vol. 41, no. 1, p. 45–53. .

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Fruit peel (as part-nature) (A067G)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

95% ethanolic extract
Type of toxicological test:

chronic/long term toxicity (CHD004TT)
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Strain of test organism:

Wistar (CHD013ST)
Sex:

Male/Female
Route of exposure:

ORAL: DRINKING WATER (OECD2229PL)
Exposure duration:

6.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Month (G206A)
Control groups used:

yes, plain diet
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligrams per kilogram body weight per day (G211A)
Effect concentration:

500
Critical effect:

NEPHROTOXICITY (TOX03A)
Target tissue:

urogenital: Kidneys (TT046A)
Effect description:

significant increase in BUN (blood urea nitrogen ) and creatinine levels
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

histopathology non neoplastic (CHD025BE)
Internal remarks:

nephrotoxicity 500 mg/kg/day BUN (blood urea nitrogen) and creatinine

Endpoint study #3: Chivapat, Songpol., Chavalittumrong, Pranee., Wongsinkongman, Prapai., Phisalpong, Chada., Rungsipipat, Anudep. Chronic Toxicity Study of Garcinia mangostana Linn. pericarp Extract. THAI JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE, 2011, vol. 41, no. 1, p. 45–53. .

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Fruit peel (as part-nature) (A067G)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

95% ethanolic extract
Type of toxicological test:

chronic/long term toxicity (CHD004TT)
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Strain of test organism:

Wistar (CHD013ST)
Sex:

Male/Female
Route of exposure:

ORAL: DRINKING WATER (OECD2229PL)
Exposure duration:

6.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Month (G206A)
Control groups used:

yes, plain diet
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligrams per kilogram body weight per day (G211A)
Effect concentration:

1000
Critical effect:

HEPATOTOXICITY (TOX02A)
Target tissue:

digestive: Liver (TT023A)
Effect description:

significant increase in AST(aspartate transminase) level; hepatocellular degeneration after dose withdrawal
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

histopathology non neoplastic (CHD025BE)
Internal remarks:

hepatotoxicity 1000 mg/kg/day AST (aspartate transminase)

Endpoint study #4: Chivapat, Songpol., Chavalittumrong, Pranee., Wongsinkongman, Prapai., Phisalpong, Chada., Rungsipipat, Anudep. Chronic Toxicity Study of Garcinia mangostana Linn. pericarp Extract. THAI JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE, 2011, vol. 41, no. 1, p. 45–53. .

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Fruit peel (as part-nature) (A067G)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

95% ethanolic extract
Type of toxicological test:

chronic/long term toxicity (CHD004TT)
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Strain of test organism:

Wistar (CHD013ST)
Sex:

Male/Female
Route of exposure:

ORAL: DRINKING WATER (OECD2229PL)
Exposure duration:

6.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Month (G206A)
Control groups used:

yes, plain diet
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligrams per kilogram body weight per day (G211A)
Effect concentration:

500
Critical effect:

HEPATOTOXICITY (TOX02A)
Target tissue:

digestive: Liver (TT023A)
Effect description:

significant increase in ALT (alanine transminase) level
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

histopathology non neoplastic (CHD025BE)
Internal remarks:

hepatotoxicity 500 mg/kg/day ALT (alanine transminase)