EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Exostema caribaeum (Jacq.) Schult.

Family:: Rubiaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 51
Number of processed references:: 3

Compositions

#1: alkaloids #2: phenylcoumarin derivatives

Endpoint Studies

#1: acute oral toxicity test phase I: vehicle treated animals #2: acute oral toxicity test phase II: vehicle treated animals

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Nassar C., Maryssia., Saenz R., Jose A., Galvez, Nazira. Phytochemical screening of Costa Rican plants: alkaloid analysis. V. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 1980, p. 1–11. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Stem / stalk (as part-nature) (A067S)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Fresh (A166Y)
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

alkaloids

Composition #2: Mata, R., Calzada, F., Garcia, Ma.R., Reguero, Ma.T. Chemical studies on Mexican plants used in traditional medicine, III: New 4-phenylcoumarins from Exostema caribaeum. Journal of Natural Products, 1987, vol. 50, no. 5, p. 866–871. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol
Substance:

coumarins (RF-00004351-PAR)
Additional substance description:

phenylcoumarin derivatives
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Analytical method - additional description:

melting point, UV, IR, NMR, MS
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

<2
Internal remarks:

phenylcoumarin derivatives

Endpoint study #1: Deciga-Campos, Myrna., Rivero-Cruz, Isabel., Arriaga-Alba, Myriam., Castaneda-Corral, Gabriela., Angeles-Lopez, Guadalupe E., Navarrete, Andres., Mata, Rachel. Acute toxicity and mutagenic activity of Mexican plants used in traditional medicine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY, 2007, vol. 110, no. 2, p. 334–342. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2006.10.001. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

methanol:dichlormethane (1:1)
Type of toxicological test:

acute toxicity (CHD016TT)
Tested organism:

House mouse (as animal) (A0CNT)
Strain of test organism:

ICR (CHD044ST)
Sex:

Male
Route of exposure:

ORAL: CAPSULE (OECD2228PL)
Exposure duration:

1.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Number of organisms dosed:

9
Control groups used:

no data
Endpoint measured:

Dose producing lethality in 50% of experimental organisms (CHD024EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligrams per kilogram body weight (G225A)
Effect concentration:

700
Critical effect:

SYSTEMIC (TOX01A)
Effect description:

tremor, respiratory distress as well as decrease in the motor activity and body weight and death
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

mortality (CHD010BE)
Internal remarks:

acute oral toxicity test phase I: vehicle treated animals

Endpoint study #2: Deciga-Campos, Myrna., Rivero-Cruz, Isabel., Arriaga-Alba, Myriam., Castaneda-Corral, Gabriela., Angeles-Lopez, Guadalupe E., Navarrete, Andres., Mata, Rachel. Acute toxicity and mutagenic activity of Mexican plants used in traditional medicine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY, 2007, vol. 110, no. 2, p. 334–342. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2006.10.001. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Bark (as part-nature) (A066X)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

methanol:dichlormethane (1:1)
Type of toxicological test:

short-term toxicity (CHD017TT)
Tested organism:

House mouse (as animal) (A0CNT)
Strain of test organism:

ICR (CHD044ST)
Sex:

Male
Route of exposure:

ORAL: CAPSULE (OECD2228PL)
Exposure duration:

1.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Number of organisms dosed:

12
Control groups used:

no data
Endpoint measured:

Dose producing lethality in 50% of experimental organisms (CHD024EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligrams per kilogram body weight (G225A)
Effect concentration:

700
Critical effect:

SYSTEMIC (TOX01A)
Effect description:

death
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

mortality (CHD010BE)
Internal remarks:

acute oral toxicity test phase II: vehicle treated animals