EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Butternut squash (as plant) // Cucurbita moschata Duchesne

Family:: Cucurbitaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 2027
Number of processed references:: 3

Compositions

#1: Amygdalin (cyanogenic glycoside) in seed #2: oxalates #3: trypsin inhibitor #4: cyanogenic glycosides

Endpoint Studies

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Bolarinwa, Islamiyat F., Orfila, Caroline., Morgan, Michael R. A. Development and application of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the quantification of amygdalin, a cyanogenic glycoside, in food. journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2014, p. 6299–6305. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Diethyl ether
Substance:

amygdalin (RF-00003680-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Coproantigen ELISA (F183A)
Result unit:

Milligram/gram (G060A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.11
Internal remarks:

Amygdalin (cyanogenic glycoside) in seed

Composition #2: Franca, O.N. Antinutritional evaluation and in vitro protein digestibility of some Nigerian cucurbits. pakistan journal of nutrition, 2012, vol. 11, no. 3, p. 208–210. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Substance:

Oxalates (RF-00004308-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Classification not possible (F001A)
Analytical method - additional description:

method of Munro and Bassir
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.21
Internal remarks:

oxalates

Composition #3: Franca, O.N. Antinutritional evaluation and in vitro protein digestibility of some Nigerian cucurbits. pakistan journal of nutrition, 2012, vol. 11, no. 3, p. 208–210. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Substance:

Trypsin inhibitors Trypsin inhibitors (RF-00004339-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Trypsin Units per gram
Substance used for equivalence:

Trypsin inhibitors Trypsin inhibitors (RF-00004339-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Classification not possible (F001A)
Analytical method - additional description:

Method of Arntifield et al (1985)
Result unit:

International Unit/gram (G252A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

6.32
Internal remarks:

trypsin inhibitor

Composition #4: Franca, O.N. Antinutritional evaluation and in vitro protein digestibility of some Nigerian cucurbits. pakistan journal of nutrition, 2012, vol. 11, no. 3, p. 208–210. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Substance:

Cyanogenic glycosides (RF-00004375-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Classification not possible (F001A)
Analytical method - additional description:

AOAC method
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.43
Internal remarks:

cyanogenic glycosides

Endpoint study #1: Song, Yi., Zhang, Yuyu., Zhou, Tingting., Zhang, Hua., Hu, Xiaosong., Li, Quanhong. A preliminary study of monosaccharide composition and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory effect of polysaccharides from pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) fruit . international journal of food science and technology, 2012, vol. 47, no. 2, p. 357–361. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2011.02846.x. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Substance:

polysaccharides, non-cellulosic polysaccharides, non-cellulosic (RF-00000367-NTR)
Type of toxicological test:

in vitro (CHD061TT)
Endpoint measured:

Enzyme inhibition (CHD067EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligram/millilitre (G191A)
Effect concentration:

0.7-0.9
Critical effect:

Digestive (TOX18A)
Target tissue:

Digestive (TT002A)
Effect description:

alpha-glucosidase inhibition: 97.43% when the concentration reached 0.7–0.9 mg per mL
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

enzyme inhibition (CHD032BE)
Internal remarks:

alpha-glucosidase inhibition