EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Sweet orange infusion leaves // Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck

Family:: Rutaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 12398
Number of processed references:: 5

Compositions

#1: Gallic acid #2: isoimperatorin #3: osthol #4: scoparone #5: bergaptol #6: bergapten #7: Bergapten #8: p-Synephrine #9: Myrcene

Endpoint Studies

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Tedesco, M., Kuhn, A.W., Boligon, A.A., Laughinghouse Iv, H.D., Athayde, M.L., Da Silva, A.C.F., Tedesco, S.B. Chromatographic analysis, antiproliferative effect and genotoxicity of aqueous extracts of citrus sinensis (L.) osbeck on the allium cepa l. test system AnÁlise cromatogrÁfica, efeito antiproliferativo e genotoxicidade de extratos aquosos de citrus sinensis (L.) osbeck sobre o sistema teste de allium cepa L . bioscience journal, 2015, vol. 31, no. 4, p. 1213–1221. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

aq. extraction
Substance:

gallic acid (RF-00003821-PAR)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.5
Internal remarks:

Gallic acid

Composition #2: Mohamed, TK. Chemical constituents and antioxidant activity of Citrus paradisi (star-ruby red grapefruit) and Citrus sinensis (blood sweet orange) Egyptian cultivars . asian journal of chemistry, 2004, vol. 16, no. 3-4, p. 1753–1764. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit peel (as part-nature) (A067G)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethanol 95%
Substance:

isoimperatorin (RF-00003880-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Gaschromatography (GC) (F037A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.12
Internal remarks:

isoimperatorin

Composition #3: Mohamed, TK. Chemical constituents and antioxidant activity of Citrus paradisi (star-ruby red grapefruit) and Citrus sinensis (blood sweet orange) Egyptian cultivars . asian journal of chemistry, 2004, vol. 16, no. 3-4, p. 1753–1764. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit peel (as part-nature) (A067G)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethanol 95%
Substance:

osthol (RF-00011008-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Gaschromatography (GC) (F037A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.02
Internal remarks:

osthol

Composition #4: Mohamed, TK. Chemical constituents and antioxidant activity of Citrus paradisi (star-ruby red grapefruit) and Citrus sinensis (blood sweet orange) Egyptian cultivars . asian journal of chemistry, 2004, vol. 16, no. 3-4, p. 1753–1764. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit peel (as part-nature) (A067G)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethanol 95%
Substance:

scoparone (RF-00004047-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Gaschromatography (GC) (F037A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.11
Internal remarks:

scoparone

Composition #5: Mohamed, TK. Chemical constituents and antioxidant activity of Citrus paradisi (star-ruby red grapefruit) and Citrus sinensis (blood sweet orange) Egyptian cultivars . asian journal of chemistry, 2004, vol. 16, no. 3-4, p. 1753–1764. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit peel (as part-nature) (A067G)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethanol 95%
Substance:

bergaptol (RF-00003819-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Gaschromatography (GC) (F037A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.31
Internal remarks:

bergaptol

Composition #6: Mohamed, TK. Chemical constituents and antioxidant activity of Citrus paradisi (star-ruby red grapefruit) and Citrus sinensis (blood sweet orange) Egyptian cultivars . asian journal of chemistry, 2004, vol. 16, no. 3-4, p. 1753–1764. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit peel (as part-nature) (A067G)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

ethanol 95%
Substance:

Bergapten (RF-00003837-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Gaschromatography (GC) (F037A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.13
Internal remarks:

bergapten

Composition #7: Traboulsi, AF., El-Haj, S., Tueni, M., Taoubi, K., Nader, NA., Mrad, A. Repellency and toxicity of aromatic plant extracts against the mosquito Culex pipiens molestus (Diptera : Culicidae) . pest management science, 2005, vol. 61, no. 6, p. 597–604. DOI: 10.1002/ps.1017. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

Hydrodistillation
Substance:

Bergapten (RF-00003837-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

4
Internal remarks:

Bergapten

Composition #8: Arbo, M. D., Larentis, E. R., Linck, V. M., Aboy, A. L., Pimentel, A. L., Henriques, A. T., Dallegrave, E., Garcia, S. C., Leal, M. B., Limberger, R. P. Concentrations of p-synephrine in fruits and leaves of Citrus species (Rutaceae) and the acute toxicity testing of Citrus aurantium extract and p-synephrine . food and chemical toxicology, 2008, vol. 46, no. 8, p. 2770–2775. DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2008.04.037. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

MeOH
Substance:

synephrine (RF-00004068-PAR)
Analytical method code:

HPLC-UV (F021A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.02- 0.1
Internal remarks:

p-Synephrine

Composition #9: Giatropoulos, Athanassios., Papachristos, Dimitrios P., Kimbaris, Athanasios., Koliopoulos, George., Polissiou, Moschos G., Emmanouel, Nickolaos., Michaelakis, Antonios. Evaluation of bioefficacy of three Citrus essential oils against the dengue vector Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in correlation to their components enantiomeric distribution . parasitology research, 2012, vol. 111, no. 6, p. 2253–2263. DOI: 10.1007/s00436-012-3074-8. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit peel (as part-nature) (A067G)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

Hydrodistillation
Substance:

myrcene (RF-00003503-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.5
Internal remarks:

Myrcene