EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Tangors // Citrus nobilis Lour. // Citrus reticulata x Citrus sinensis

Family:: Rutaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 350
Number of processed references:: 4

Compositions

#1: Limonoids #2: coumarins #3: Synephrine #4: Myrcene #5: limonin #6: nomilin

Endpoint Studies

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Bui, Kim Anh., Duong, Anh Tuan. Isolation and structure elucidation of limonin and obacunone from seeds of Citrus nobilis in Vietnam. tap chi hoa hoc, 2000, p. 25–30. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
Substance:

limonoids limonoids (RF-00004362-PAR)
Additional substance description:

obacunone
Analytical method code:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (F061A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Limonoids

Composition #2: Wishart, DS., Jewison, T., Guo, AC., Wilson, M., Knox, C., Liu, Y., Djoumbou, Y., Mandal, R., Aziat, F., Dong, E., Bouatra, S., Sinelnikov, I., Arndt, D., Xia, J., Liu, P., Yallou, F., Bjorndahl, T., Perez-Pineiro, R., Eisner, R., Allen, F., Neveu, V., Greiner, R., Scalbert, A. (E)-Suberenol (HMDB30690).. human metabolome database, 2012, vol. 3.0 . .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Substance:

coumarins (RF-00004351-PAR)
Additional substance description:

(E)-Suberenol
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

coumarins

Composition #3: Inafuku-Teramoto, Sayuri., Suwa, Ryuichi., Fukuzawa, Yasunori., Kawamitsu, Yoshinobu. Polymethoxyflavones, Synephrine and Volatile Constitution of Peels of Citrus Fruit Grown in Okinawa. JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE, 2011, vol. 80, no. 2, p. 214–224. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit peel (as part-nature) (A067G)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Water
Substance:

synephrine (RF-00004068-PAR)
Analytical method code:

HPLC-UV (F021A)
Analytical method - additional description:

HPLC
Result unit:

Milligram/gram (G060A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

2.2- 8.97
Internal remarks:

Synephrine

Composition #4: Inafuku-Teramoto, Sayuri., Suwa, Ryuichi., Fukuzawa, Yasunori., Kawamitsu, Yoshinobu. Polymethoxyflavones, Synephrine and Volatile Constitution of Peels of Citrus Fruit Grown in Okinawa. JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE, 2011, vol. 80, no. 2, p. 214–224. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit peel (as part-nature) (A067G)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

Frozen fresh peel (10 g) was homogenized in an equal volume of distilled water, and then 1 mL hexane was added
Substance:

myrcene (RF-00003503-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

27.52
Internal remarks:

Myrcene

Composition #5: Moodley, VE., Mulholland, DA., Raynor, MW. Micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography of limonoid glucosides from citrus seeds . journal of chromatography a, 1995, vol. 718, no. 1, p. 187–193. DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(95)00648-6. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Hexane extraction
Substance:

limonin (RF-00011197-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Capillary (Zone) Electrophoresis (CE or CZE) (F071A)
Analytical method - additional description:

CE-UV
Result unit:

Milligram/gram (G060A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.523
Internal remarks:

limonin

Composition #6: Moodley, VE., Mulholland, DA., Raynor, MW. Micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography of limonoid glucosides from citrus seeds . journal of chromatography a, 1995, vol. 718, no. 1, p. 187–193. DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(95)00648-6. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Hexane extraction
Substance:

Nomilin (RF-00011194-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Capillary (Zone) Electrophoresis (CE or CZE) (F071A)
Analytical method - additional description:

CE-UV
Result unit:

Milligram/gram (G060A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.45
Internal remarks:

nomilin