EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Chrysanthemum indicum L.

Family:: Asteraceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 1078
Number of processed references:: 4

Compositions

Endpoint Studies

#1: Pancreatic amylase inhibition (IC50) #2: Teratogenic - hypoplasia of skull

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Deng, Chunhui., Mao, Yu., Yao, Ning., Zhang, Xiangmin. Development of microwave-assisted extraction followed by headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for quantification of camphor and borneol in Flos Chrysanthemi Indici. ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA, 2006, vol. 575, no. 1, p. 120–125. DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2006.05.073. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Flower (as part-nature) (A067B)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

MeOH
Substance:

Camphor (RF-00003986-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Milligram/gram (G060A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.046-0.426
Internal remarks:

Camphor

Composition #2: Zhang, Cong., Qin, Min-Jian., Shu, Pan., Hong, Jun-Li., Lue, Lin., He, Dan-Xia. Chemical Variations of the Essential Oils in Flower Heads of Chrysanthemum indicum L. from China. CHEMISTRY & BIODIVERSITY, 2010, vol. 7, no. 12, p. 2951–2962. DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201000034. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Flower (as part-nature) (A067B)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

Camphor (RF-00003986-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Camphor
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

<=27.56
Internal remarks:

Camphor

Composition #3: Zhang, Cong., Qin, Min-Jian., Shu, Pan., Hong, Jun-Li., Lue, Lin., He, Dan-Xia. Chemical Variations of the Essential Oils in Flower Heads of Chrysanthemum indicum L. from China. CHEMISTRY & BIODIVERSITY, 2010, vol. 7, no. 12, p. 2951–2962. DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201000034. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Flower (as part-nature) (A067B)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

1,8-cineole (RF-00003470-PAR)
Additional substance description:

1,8-cineole
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.62-7.34
Internal remarks:

1,8-cineole

Endpoint study #1: Adisakwattana, Sirichai., Ruengsamran, Thanyachanok., Kampa, Patcharaporn., Sompong, Weerachat. In vitro inhibitory effects of plant-based foods and their combinations on intestinal alpha-glucosidase and pancreatic alpha-amylase. . bmc complementary and alternative medicine, 2012, vol. 12, p. 110. DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-110. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Drying (dehydration) (A07KG)
Additional plant/substance description:

aqueous extract
Type of toxicological test:

in vitro (CHD061TT)
Endpoint measured:

Half maximal inhibitory concentration (CHD021EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligram/millilitre (G191A)
Effect concentration:

> 5
Critical effect:

Digestive (TOX18A)
Target tissue:

digestive: Pancreas (TT024A)
Effect description:

IC50 pancreatic alpha amylase inhibition
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

enzyme inhibition (CHD032BE)
Internal remarks:

Pancreatic amylase inhibition (IC50)

Endpoint study #2: Singh, K. N., Singh, Gajendra. TERATOGENIC EFFECT OF ACE INHIBITOR (LISINOPRIL) AND CHRYSANTHEMUM INDICUM(GULDAUDI) ON HEAD AND FACE REGION OF MICE FETUSES. JOURNAL OF THE ANATOMICAL SOCIETY OF INDIA, 2011, vol. 60, no. 2, p. 181–183. .

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Flower (as part-nature) (A067B)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

Extract not specified
Type of toxicological test:

reproduction toxicity (CHD009TT)
Tested organism:

House mouse (as animal) (A0CNT)
Strain of test organism:

Swiss (CHD005ST)
Sex:

Female
Route of exposure:

ORAL: FEED (OECD2230PL)
Exposure duration:

18.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Number of organisms dosed:

7
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Concentration level (CHD013EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligrams per kilogram body weight (G225A)
Effect concentration:

500
Critical effect:

DEVELOPMENTAL (TOX07A)
Target tissue:

Bone (TT054A)
Effect description:

Teratogenic - hypoplasia of skull
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

development (CHD006BE)
Internal remarks:

Teratogenic - hypoplasia of skull