EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Dysphania botrys (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants // Chenopodium botrys L.

Family:: Amaranthaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 124
Number of processed references:: 8

Endpoint Studies

#1: α-Amylase (water extract) #2: α-Glucosidase (water extract) #3: α-Amylase (ethanol extract) #4: α-Glucosidase (ethanol extract)

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Rustembekova, G. B., Goryaev, M. I., Krotova, G. I., Dembitskii, A. D. Substances added to the composition of essential oils. 60. Oxygen-containing compounds of Chenopodium botrys essential oil.. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk Kazakhskoi SSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, 1975, vol. 25, no. 5, p. 32–4. .

Language:

English (en)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Substance:

fenchone (RF-00003814-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Fenchone

Composition #2: Rustembekova, G. B., Goryaev, M. I., Krotova, G. I., Dembitskii, A. D. Substances added to the composition of essential oils. 60. Oxygen-containing compounds of Chenopodium botrys essential oil.. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk Kazakhskoi SSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, 1975, vol. 25, no. 5, p. 32–4. .

Language:

English (en)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Substance:

(+)-pulegone (RF-00003398-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Pulegone

Composition #3: Rustembekova, G. B., Goryaev, M. I., Krotova, G. I., Dembitskii, A. D. Substances added to the composition of essential oils. 60. Oxygen-containing compounds of Chenopodium botrys essential oil.. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk Kazakhskoi SSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, 1975, vol. 25, no. 5, p. 32–4. .

Language:

English (en)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Substance:

ascaridol (RF-00004159-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Ascaridole

Composition #4: Rustembekova, G. B., Goryaev, M. I., Krotova, G. I., Dembitskii, A. D. Substances added to the composition of essential oils. 60. Oxygen-containing compounds of Chenopodium botrys essential oil.. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk Kazakhskoi SSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, 1975, vol. 25, no. 5, p. 32–4. .

Language:

English (en)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Substance:

Camphor (RF-00003986-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Camphor

Composition #5: Rustembekova, G. B., Goryaev, M. I., Krotova, G. I., Dembitskii, A. D. Substances added to the composition of essential oils. 60. Oxygen-containing compounds of Chenopodium botrys essential oil.. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk Kazakhskoi SSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, 1975, vol. 25, no. 5, p. 32–4. .

Language:

English (en)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Substance:

alpha-thujone (RF-00003676-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Thujone

Composition #6: Rustembekova, G. B., Goryaev, M. I., Krotova, G. I., Dembitskii, A. D. Substances added to the composition of essential oils. 60. Oxygen-containing compounds of Chenopodium botrys essential oil.. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk Kazakhskoi SSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, 1975, vol. 25, no. 5, p. 32–4. .

Language:

English (en)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Substance:

menthone (RF-00011280-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Standard Chromatographic tests (paper- thin layer- and column chromatography) (F016A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Menthone

Composition #7: Sadykov, Yu. D., Khodzhimatov, M., Komarov, Yu. I. Alkaloids of Chenopodium botrys L. fruit.. Rastitel'nye Resursy, 1978, vol. 14, no. 3, p. 385–7. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Methanol
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Alkaloids

Composition #8: Buchbauer, Gerhard., Jirovetz, Leopold., Wasicky, Michael., Walter, Johannes., Nikiforov, Alexej. Headspace volatiles of Chenopodium botrys (Chenopodiaceae). Journal of Essential Oil Research, 1995, p. 305–308. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Fresh (A166Y)
Additional extraction description:

headspace sampling and extraction from the charcoal tubes with DCM
Substance:

(+)-pulegone (RF-00003398-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Gaschromatography (GC) (F037A)
Analytical method - additional description:

GC/FTIWMS
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

3.7
Internal remarks:

Pulegone

Composition #9: Buchbauer, Gerhard., Jirovetz, Leopold., Wasicky, Michael., Walter, Johannes., Nikiforov, Alexej. Headspace volatiles of Chenopodium botrys (Chenopodiaceae). Journal of Essential Oil Research, 1995, p. 305–308. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Fresh (A166Y)
Additional extraction description:

headspace sampling and extraction from the charcoal tubes with DCM
Substance:

alpha-thujone (RF-00003676-PAR)
Additional substance description:

correct isomer not identified
Analytical method code:

Gaschromatography (GC) (F037A)
Analytical method - additional description:

GC/FTIWMS
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

2.9
Internal remarks:

thujone

Composition #10: Buchbauer, Gerhard., Jirovetz, Leopold., Wasicky, Michael., Walter, Johannes., Nikiforov, Alexej. Headspace volatiles of Chenopodium botrys (Chenopodiaceae). Journal of Essential Oil Research, 1995, p. 305–308. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Fresh (A166Y)
Additional extraction description:

headspace sampling and extraction from the charcoal tubes with DCM
Substance:

fenchone (RF-00003814-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Gaschromatography (GC) (F037A)
Analytical method - additional description:

GC/FTIWMS
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

2.8
Internal remarks:

fenchone

Composition #11: Buchbauer, Gerhard., Jirovetz, Leopold., Wasicky, Michael., Walter, Johannes., Nikiforov, Alexej. Headspace volatiles of Chenopodium botrys (Chenopodiaceae). Journal of Essential Oil Research, 1995, p. 305–308. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Fresh (A166Y)
Additional extraction description:

headspace sampling and extraction from the charcoal tubes with DCM
Substance:

Camphor (RF-00003986-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Gaschromatography (GC) (F037A)
Analytical method - additional description:

GC/FTIWMS
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

4.3
Internal remarks:

camphor

Composition #12: El-Sayed, Aly M. Sesquiterpene constituents of Chenopodium botrys and Venidium decurrens.. Zagazig Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1994, vol. 3, no. 3A, p. 131–5. .

Language:

English (en)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Substance:

guaianolides (RF-00010821-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

guaianolides

Composition #13: Dembitsky, Valery., Shkrob, Ilya., Hanus, Lumir Ondrej. Ascaridole and related peroxides from the genus Chenopodium. Biomedical Papers, 2008, p. 209–215. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

steam distillation
Substance:

myrcene (RF-00003503-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.9
Internal remarks:

Myrcene

Composition #14: Dembitsky, Valery., Shkrob, Ilya., Hanus, Lumir Ondrej. Ascaridole and related peroxides from the genus Chenopodium. Biomedical Papers, 2008, p. 209–215. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

steam distillation
Substance:

isoascaridole (RF-00011472-PAR)
Additional substance description:

cis-Isoascaridole
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

2.5
Internal remarks:

cis-Isoascaridole

Composition #15: Dembitsky, Valery., Shkrob, Ilya., Hanus, Lumir Ondrej. Ascaridole and related peroxides from the genus Chenopodium. Biomedical Papers, 2008, p. 209–215. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

steam distillation
Substance:

ascaridol (RF-00004159-PAR)
Additional substance description:

cis-Ascaridole
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

4.2
Internal remarks:

cis-Ascaridole

Composition #16: Feizbakhsh, A., Sedaghat, S., Tehrani, MS., Rustaiyan, A., Masoudi, S. Chemical composition of the essential oils of Chenopodium botrys L. from two different locations in Iran. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH, 2003, vol. 15, no. 3, p. 193–194. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

Carvone (RF-0538-001-PPP)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

6.3
Internal remarks:

Carvone

Composition #17: Feizbakhsh, A., Sedaghat, S., Tehrani, MS., Rustaiyan, A., Masoudi, S. Chemical composition of the essential oils of Chenopodium botrys L. from two different locations in Iran. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH, 2003, vol. 15, no. 3, p. 193–194. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

myrcene (RF-00003503-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1.8
Internal remarks:

Myrcene

Composition #18: Feizbakhsh, A., Sedaghat, S., Tehrani, MS., Rustaiyan, A., Masoudi, S. Chemical composition of the essential oils of Chenopodium botrys L. from two different locations in Iran. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH, 2003, vol. 15, no. 3, p. 193–194. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

(+)-pulegone (RF-00003398-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

1
Internal remarks:

Pulegone

Composition #19: Morteza-Semnani, Katayoun., Babanezhad, Esmaeil. Essential oil composition of Chenopodium botrys L. from Iran. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL BEARING PLANTS, 2007, vol. 10, no. 4, p. 314–317. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Essential oil (as part-nature) (A166Q)
Additional extraction description:

hydrodistillation
Substance:

isoascaridole (RF-00011472-PAR)
Analytical method code:

GC-MS (F046A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result expression:

Whole weight (B001A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

7
Internal remarks:

Isoascaridole

Composition #20: Ozer, MS., Sarikurkcu, C., Tepe, B. Phenolic composition, antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities of ethanol and water extracts of Chenopodium botrys. RSC ADVANCES, 2016, vol. 6, no. 69, p. 64986–64992. DOI: 10.1039/c6ra13229d. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Ethanol
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Saponins

Composition #21: Ozer, MS., Sarikurkcu, C., Tepe, B. Phenolic composition, antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities of ethanol and water extracts of Chenopodium botrys. RSC ADVANCES, 2016, vol. 6, no. 69, p. 64986–64992. DOI: 10.1039/c6ra13229d. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

Ethanol
Substance:

Tannins (RF-00004337-PAR)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Tannins

Endpoint study #1: Ozer, MS., Sarikurkcu, C., Tepe, B. Phenolic composition, antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities of ethanol and water extracts of Chenopodium botrys. RSC ADVANCES, 2016, vol. 6, no. 69, p. 64986–64992. DOI: 10.1039/c6ra13229d. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

water
Type of toxicological test:

in vitro (CHD061TT)
Endpoint measured:

Enzyme inhibition (CHD067EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligram-equivalent/gram (G261A)
Effect concentration:

7.16
Critical effect:

Digestive (TOX18A)
Target tissue:

Digestive (TT002A)
Effect description:

a-amylase inhibition
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

enzyme inhibition (CHD032BE)
Internal remarks:

α-Amylase (water extract)

Endpoint study #2: Ozer, MS., Sarikurkcu, C., Tepe, B. Phenolic composition, antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities of ethanol and water extracts of Chenopodium botrys. RSC ADVANCES, 2016, vol. 6, no. 69, p. 64986–64992. DOI: 10.1039/c6ra13229d. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

water
Type of toxicological test:

in vitro (CHD061TT)
Endpoint measured:

Enzyme inhibition (CHD067EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligram-equivalent/gram (G261A)
Effect concentration:

6.47
Critical effect:

Digestive (TOX18A)
Target tissue:

Digestive (TT002A)
Effect description:

α-Glucosidase inhibition
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

enzyme inhibition (CHD032BE)
Internal remarks:

α-Glucosidase (water extract)

Endpoint study #3: Ozer, MS., Sarikurkcu, C., Tepe, B. Phenolic composition, antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities of ethanol and water extracts of Chenopodium botrys. RSC ADVANCES, 2016, vol. 6, no. 69, p. 64986–64992. DOI: 10.1039/c6ra13229d. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

ethanol
Type of toxicological test:

in vitro (CHD061TT)
Endpoint measured:

Enzyme inhibition (CHD067EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligram-equivalent/gram (G261A)
Effect concentration:

6.8
Critical effect:

Digestive (TOX18A)
Target tissue:

Digestive (TT002A)
Effect description:

a-amylase inhibition
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

enzyme inhibition (CHD032BE)
Internal remarks:

α-Amylase (ethanol extract)

Endpoint study #4: Ozer, MS., Sarikurkcu, C., Tepe, B. Phenolic composition, antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities of ethanol and water extracts of Chenopodium botrys. RSC ADVANCES, 2016, vol. 6, no. 69, p. 64986–64992. DOI: 10.1039/c6ra13229d. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

ethanol
Type of toxicological test:

in vitro (CHD061TT)
Endpoint measured:

Enzyme inhibition (CHD067EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligram-equivalent/gram (G261A)
Effect concentration:

4.41
Critical effect:

Digestive (TOX18A)
Target tissue:

Digestive (TT002A)
Effect description:

α-Glucosidase inhibition
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

enzyme inhibition (CHD032BE)
Internal remarks:

α-Glucosidase (ethanol extract)