EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Chamaecrista absus (L.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby // Cassia absus L.

Family:: Fabaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 142
Number of processed references:: 4

Compositions

#1: chaksine and derivatives #2: hydnocarpin #3: Isohydnocarpin

Endpoint Studies

#1: neurotoxicity (dog) #2: neurotoxicity (mouse) #3: The fertility index and number of fetus decreased significantly. Missed abortion was 50% after administration of 500 mg/kg/day

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Siddiqui, Salimuzzaman., Ahmed, Zafaruddhin. Alkaloids from seeds of Cassia absus, Linn. Proceedings - Indian Academy of Sciences, Section A, 1935, p. 421–425. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

MeOH/ HCl
Substance:

chaksine (RF-00011044-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Chaksine and derivatives
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

chaksine and derivatives

Composition #2: Kostova, Mrs. I., Rangaswami, S. Chemical components of the seeds of Cassia absus. indian journal of chemistry, section b: organic chemistry including medicinal chemistry, 1977, p. 764–765. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

hydnocarpin (RF-00011070-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

hydnocarpin

Composition #3: Kostova, Mrs. I., Rangaswami, S. Chemical components of the seeds of Cassia absus. indian journal of chemistry, section b: organic chemistry including medicinal chemistry, 1977, p. 764–765. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

Isohydnocarpin (RF-00011126-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Isohydnocarpin

Endpoint study #1: Haque, Mazhar-Ul. The action of chaksine on the nervous system. medicus, 1957, p. 1–7. .

Study relevance:

Human health
Substance:

chaksine (RF-00011044-PAR)
Plant part:

Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
Type of toxicological test:

not reported (CHD015TT)
Tested organism:

Dog (as animal) (A0CNL)
Sex:

No data
Route of exposure:

ORAL: FEED (OECD2230PL)
Endpoint measured:

Dose not reported (CHD066EP)
Critical effect:

NEUROTOXICITY (TOX04A)
Target tissue:

Neurologic (TT004A)
Effect description:

Action on central and peripheral nervous system. Chaksine depresses respiratory and vasomotor centers, centers controlling body temp., muscular activity, and equil. Vomiting and changes in heart rate and circulation
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

neurology (CHD027BE)
Internal remarks:

neurotoxicity (dog)

Endpoint study #2: Haque, Mazhar-Ul. The action of chaksine on the nervous system. medicus, 1957, p. 1–7. .

Study relevance:

Human health
Substance:

chaksine (RF-00011044-PAR)
Plant part:

Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
Type of toxicological test:

not reported (CHD015TT)
Tested organism:

House mouse (as animal) (A0CNT)
Sex:

No data
Route of exposure:

ORAL: FEED (OECD2230PL)
Endpoint measured:

Dose not reported (CHD066EP)
Critical effect:

NEUROTOXICITY (TOX04A)
Target tissue:

Neurologic (TT004A)
Effect description:

Action on central and peripheral nervous system. Chaksine depresses respiratory and vasomotor centers, centers controlling body temp., muscular activity, and equil. Vomiting and changes in heart rate and circulation
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

neurology (CHD027BE)
Internal remarks:

neurotoxicity (mouse)

Endpoint study #3: Hamedi, A., Khoshnoud, M.J., Tanideh, N., Abbasi, F., Fereidoonnezhad, M., Mehrabani, D. Reproductive Toxicity of Cassia Absus Seeds in Female Rats: Possible Progesteronic Properties of Chaksine and b-Sitosterol. Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal, 2015 . DOI: 10.1007/s11094-015-1268-y. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

Petroleum ether
Type of toxicological test:

reproduction toxicity (CHD009TT)
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Strain of test organism:

Sprague-Dawley (CHD012ST)
Sex:

Female
Route of exposure:

ORAL: UNSPECIFIED (OECD2234PL)
Exposure duration:

5.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Number of organisms dosed:

5
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligram/kilogram (G061A)
Effect concentration:

500
Critical effect:

REPRODUCTIVE (TOX05A)
Target tissue:

urogenital: Uterus (TT052A)
Effect description:

The fertility index and number of fetus decreased significantly. Missed abortion was 50% after administration of 500 mg/kg/day
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

reproduction (CHD014BE)
Internal remarks:

The fertility index and number of fetus decreased significantly. Missed abortion was 50% after administration of 500 mg/kg/day