EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub.

Family:: Fabaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 802
Number of processed references:: 4

Compositions

#1: isoformononetin (isoflavone) #2: cajanin (isoflavon)

Endpoint Studies

#1: anti-implantation activity #2: Nephrotoxicity: glomerular congestion and tubular hemorrhage in the kidneys #3: Spleen and intestine toxicity. #4: Spermatogenesis toxicity #5: Prostate proliferation #6: anti-implantation activity

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Bhargavan, Biju., Gautam, Abnish Kumar., Singh, Divya., Kumar, Amit., Chaurasia, Sumit., Tyagi, Abdul Malik., Yadav, Dinesh Kumar., Mishra, Jay Sharan., Singh, Amar Bahadur., Sanyal, Sabyasachi., Goel, Atul., Maurya, Rakesh., Chattopadhyay, Naibedya. Methoxylated Isoflavones, Cajanin and Isoformononetin, Have Non-Estrogenic Bone Forming Effect Via Differential Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Signaling. JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY, 2009, vol. 108, no. 2, p. 388–399. DOI: 10.1002/jcb.22264. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Stem / stalk (as part-nature) (A067S)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

Isoformononetin (RF-00011018-PAR)
Additional substance description:
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

isoformononetin (isoflavone)

Composition #2: Bhargavan, Biju., Gautam, Abnish Kumar., Singh, Divya., Kumar, Amit., Chaurasia, Sumit., Tyagi, Abdul Malik., Yadav, Dinesh Kumar., Mishra, Jay Sharan., Singh, Amar Bahadur., Sanyal, Sabyasachi., Goel, Atul., Maurya, Rakesh., Chattopadhyay, Naibedya. Methoxylated Isoflavones, Cajanin and Isoformononetin, Have Non-Estrogenic Bone Forming Effect Via Differential Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Signaling. JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY, 2009, vol. 108, no. 2, p. 388–399. DOI: 10.1002/jcb.22264. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Stem / stalk (as part-nature) (A067S)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

Cajanin (RF-00011019-PAR)
Additional substance description:
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

cajanin (isoflavon)

Endpoint study #1: Sharm, S.K., Rai, G., Vasudeva, N. Anti-fertility investigation of Butea monosperma (Lam.) kuntze root in female albino mice. research journal of medicinal plant, 2012, vol. 6, no. 3, p. 260–266. DOI: 10.39231rjmp.2012.260.266. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Roots and other underground parts (as part-nature) (A067M)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

petroleum ether, chloroform extract
Type of toxicological test:

reproduction toxicity (CHD009TT)
Tested organism:

House mouse (as animal) (A0CNT)
Strain of test organism:

Swiss (CHD005ST)
Sex:

Female
Route of exposure:

ORAL: FEED (OECD2230PL)
Exposure duration:

7.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Control groups used:

yes, concurrent vehicle
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligram/kilogram (G061A)
Effect concentration:

200
Critical effect:

ENDOCRINE (TOX12A)
Target tissue:

urogenital: Uterus (TT052A)
Effect description:

anti-implantation activity
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

reproduction (CHD014BE)
Internal remarks:

anti-implantation activity

Endpoint study #2: Donga, Shilpa., Shukla, Vinay J., Ravishankar, B., Ashok, B K., Mishtry, I U. Chronic toxicity study of Butea monosperma (Linn.) Kuntze seeds in albino rats.. Ayu, 2011, vol. 32, no. 1, p. 120–5. DOI: 10.4103/0974-8520.85743. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Powder (A06JD)
Type of toxicological test:

subchronic (CHD013TT)
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Sex:

Male/Female
Route of exposure:

ORAL: FEED (OECD2230PL)
Exposure duration:

90.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligram/kilogram (G061A)
Effect concentration:

800
Critical effect:

NEPHROTOXICITY (TOX03A)
Target tissue:

urogenital: Kidneys (TT046A)
Effect description:

glomerular congestion and tubular hemorrhage in the kidneys
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

histopathology non neoplastic (CHD025BE)
Internal remarks:

Nephrotoxicity: glomerular congestion and tubular hemorrhage in the kidneys

Endpoint study #3: Donga, Shilpa., Shukla, Vinay J., Ravishankar, B., Ashok, B K., Mishtry, I U. Chronic toxicity study of Butea monosperma (Linn.) Kuntze seeds in albino rats.. Ayu, 2011, vol. 32, no. 1, p. 120–5. DOI: 10.4103/0974-8520.85743. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Powder (A06JD)
Type of toxicological test:

subchronic (CHD013TT)
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Sex:

Male/Female
Route of exposure:

ORAL: FEED (OECD2230PL)
Exposure duration:

90.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligram/kilogram (G061A)
Effect concentration:

800
Critical effect:

Digestive (TOX18A)
Target tissue:

Digestive (TT002A)
Effect description:

slight decrease in the cellularity of the spleen, epithelial disruption in jejunum
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

histopathology non neoplastic (CHD025BE)
Internal remarks:

Spleen and intestine toxicity.

Endpoint study #4: Donga, Shilpa., Shukla, Vinay J., Ravishankar, B., Ashok, B K., Mishtry, I U. Chronic toxicity study of Butea monosperma (Linn.) Kuntze seeds in albino rats.. Ayu, 2011, vol. 32, no. 1, p. 120–5. DOI: 10.4103/0974-8520.85743. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Powder (A06JD)
Type of toxicological test:

subchronic (CHD013TT)
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Sex:

Male
Route of exposure:

ORAL: FEED (OECD2230PL)
Exposure duration:

90.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligram/kilogram (G061A)
Effect concentration:

800
Critical effect:

REPRODUCTIVE (TOX05A)
Target tissue:

urogenital: Testes (TT050A)
Effect description:

moderate decrease in spermatogenesis in the testis
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

reproduction (CHD014BE)
Internal remarks:

Spermatogenesis toxicity

Endpoint study #5: Donga, Shilpa., Shukla, Vinay J., Ravishankar, B., Ashok, B K., Mishtry, I U. Chronic toxicity study of Butea monosperma (Linn.) Kuntze seeds in albino rats.. Ayu, 2011, vol. 32, no. 1, p. 120–5. DOI: 10.4103/0974-8520.85743. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Powder (A06JD)
Type of toxicological test:

subchronic (CHD013TT)
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Sex:

Male
Route of exposure:

ORAL: FEED (OECD2230PL)
Exposure duration:

90.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligram/kilogram (G061A)
Effect concentration:

800
Critical effect:

Other toxicities (TOX19A)
Target tissue:

urogenital: Prostrate (TT048A)
Effect description:

moderate epithelial proliferation in ventral prostate
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

histopathology neoplastic (CHD024BE)
Internal remarks:

Prostate proliferation

Endpoint study #6: Kumar, Dinesh., Kumar, Ajay., Prakash, Om. Potential antifertility agents from plants: A comprehensive review. journal of ethnopharmacology, 2012, vol. 140, no. 1, p. 1–32. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.12.039. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Substance:

Butin Butin (RF-00010851-PAR)
Plant part:

Seed (as part-nature) (A066P)
Type of toxicological test:

reproduction toxicity (CHD009TT)
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Sex:

Female
Route of exposure:

ORAL: UNSPECIFIED (OECD2234PL)
Exposure duration:

5.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligram (G155A)
Effect concentration:

5-20
Critical effect:

ENDOCRINE (TOX12A)
Target tissue:

urogenital: Uterus (TT052A)
Effect description:

anti-implantation activity
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

reproduction (CHD014BE)
Internal remarks:

anti-implantation activity