EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Turnip rape (as plant) // Brasica rapa subsp. Rapa // Brassica campestris L. // Brassica pekinensis (Lour.) Rupr. // Brassica pekinensis Skeels // Brassica rapa L. // Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis (Lour.) Kitam.

Family:: Brassicaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 22225
Number of processed references:: 3

Compositions

#1: Oxalates #2: Alkaloids #3: Cyanides #4: Saponins #5: Glucosinolates

Endpoint Studies

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Khan, Zafar Iqbal., Ahmad, Kafeel., Zafar, Asma., Bashir, Humayun., Hussain, Abrar., Huma, Zile., Shad, Hazoor Ahmad., Sher, Muhammad., Hussain, Ghulam., Noorka, Ijaz Rasool., . Assessment of poisonous and anti-nutritional compounds in wild edible forages consumed by ruminant species. journal of environmental science and technology, 2015, vol. 8, no. 3, p. 91–101. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

water
Substance:

Oxalates (RF-00004308-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.6
Internal remarks:

Oxalates

Composition #2: Khan, Zafar Iqbal., Ahmad, Kafeel., Zafar, Asma., Bashir, Humayun., Hussain, Abrar., Huma, Zile., Shad, Hazoor Ahmad., Sher, Muhammad., Hussain, Ghulam., Noorka, Ijaz Rasool., . Assessment of poisonous and anti-nutritional compounds in wild edible forages consumed by ruminant species. journal of environmental science and technology, 2015, vol. 8, no. 3, p. 91–101. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

water
Substance:

Alkaloids (RF-00004360-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.7
Internal remarks:

Alkaloids

Composition #3: Khan, Zafar Iqbal., Ahmad, Kafeel., Zafar, Asma., Bashir, Humayun., Hussain, Abrar., Huma, Zile., Shad, Hazoor Ahmad., Sher, Muhammad., Hussain, Ghulam., Noorka, Ijaz Rasool., . Assessment of poisonous and anti-nutritional compounds in wild edible forages consumed by ruminant species. journal of environmental science and technology, 2015, vol. 8, no. 3, p. 91–101. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

water
Substance:

Cyanide (RF-00000021-CHE)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

0.5
Internal remarks:

Cyanides

Composition #4: Khan, Zafar Iqbal., Ahmad, Kafeel., Zafar, Asma., Bashir, Humayun., Hussain, Abrar., Huma, Zile., Shad, Hazoor Ahmad., Sher, Muhammad., Hussain, Ghulam., Noorka, Ijaz Rasool., . Assessment of poisonous and anti-nutritional compounds in wild edible forages consumed by ruminant species. journal of environmental science and technology, 2015, vol. 8, no. 3, p. 91–101. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Unspecified (A07XD)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

water
Substance:

Saponins (RF-00004333-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Phytochemical screening (F604A)
Result unit:

Percent (G138A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

4.0
Internal remarks:

Saponins

Composition #5: Chun, Jin-Hyuk., Kim, Na-Hyung., Seo, Mi-Suk., Jin, Mina., Park, Sang Un., Arasu, Mariadhas Valan., Kim, Sun-Ju., Al-Dhabi, Naif Abdullah. Molecular characterization of glucosinolates and carotenoid biosynthetic genes in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis). saudi journal of biological sciences, 2016, p. Ahead of Print. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional extraction description:

methanol 70% v/v
Substance:

Sum of glucosinolates Sum of glucosinolates (RF-00000331-TOX)
Analytical method code:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/Liquid Chromatography (LC) (F018A)
Analytical method - additional description:

MS-HPLC
Result unit:

Millimole/kilogram (G070A)
Result expression:

Dry matter (B002A)
Result type:

Numerical Value (VAL)
Value (concentration, content):

2.7-57.88
Internal remarks:

Glucosinolates

Endpoint study #1: Collett, Mark G., Stegelmeier, Bryan L., Tapper, Brian A. Could Nitrile Derivatives of Turnip (Brassica rapa) Glucosinolates Be Hepato- or Cholangiotoxic in Cattle? . journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2014, vol. 62, no. 30, p. 7370–7375. DOI: 10.1021/jf500526u. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Animal (target species) health
Plant part:

Aerial part of plants (as part-nature) (A166F)
Type of toxicological test:

case report (CHD060TT)
Tested organism:

Cattle (as animal) (A057E)
Sex:

Female
Route of exposure:

ORAL: FEED (OECD2230PL)
Endpoint measured:

Dose not reported (CHD066EP)
Critical effect:

Digestive (TOX18A)
Target tissue:

digestive: Liver (TT023A)
Effect description:

photosensitivity, liver damage
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

Phototoxicity (CHD035BE)
Internal remarks:

photosensitivity, liver damage