EFSA Compendium of Botanicals

Draft - work in progress

Peanuts (as plant) // Arachis hypogaea L.

Family:: Fabaceae
Approval state:: Approved
Number of articles retrieved:: 4749
Number of processed references:: 3

Compositions

#1: Soyasaponin I in pericarps of peanuts #2: isoquercitrin in leaves #3: p-coumaric acid in leaves #4: eriodictyol in pericarps of peanuts #5: esculetin in leaves #6: pratensein in pericarps of peanuts #7: lectins in the fruits

Endpoint Studies

#1: Reduction in liver weight in male rats #2: Increase in kidney weight in male rats

Genotoxicity

Composition #1: Matsuura, S., Tanaka, T., Iinuma, M. Constituents of useful plants. IX. Constituents of Arachis hypogaea L.. yakugaku zasshi, 1983, vol. 103, no. 9, p. 997–1000. DOI: 10.1248/yakushi1947.103.9_997. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit peel (as part-nature) (A067G)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Substance:

pentacyclic triterpene saponins (RF-00004334-PAR)
Additional substance description:

Soyasaponin I
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

Soyasaponin I in pericarps of peanuts

Composition #2: Matsuura, S., Tanaka, T., Iinuma, M. Constituents of useful plants. IX. Constituents of Arachis hypogaea L.. yakugaku zasshi, 1983, vol. 103, no. 9, p. 997–1000. DOI: 10.1248/yakushi1947.103.9_997. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Substance:

Isoquercitrin (RF-00010712-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

isoquercitrin in leaves

Composition #3: Matsuura, S., Tanaka, T., Iinuma, M. Constituents of useful plants. IX. Constituents of Arachis hypogaea L.. yakugaku zasshi, 1983, vol. 103, no. 9, p. 997–1000. DOI: 10.1248/yakushi1947.103.9_997. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Substance:

p-coumaric acid (RF-00010717-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

p-coumaric acid in leaves

Composition #4: Matsuura, S., Tanaka, T., Iinuma, M. Constituents of useful plants. IX. Constituents of Arachis hypogaea L.. yakugaku zasshi, 1983, vol. 103, no. 9, p. 997–1000. DOI: 10.1248/yakushi1947.103.9_997. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit peel (as part-nature) (A067G)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Substance:

Eriodictyol Eriodictyol (RF-00010855-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

eriodictyol in pericarps of peanuts

Composition #5: Matsuura, S., Tanaka, T., Iinuma, M. Constituents of useful plants. IX. Constituents of Arachis hypogaea L.. yakugaku zasshi, 1983, vol. 103, no. 9, p. 997–1000. DOI: 10.1248/yakushi1947.103.9_997. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Substance:

Esculetin (RF-00003667-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

esculetin in leaves

Composition #6: Matsuura, S., Tanaka, T., Iinuma, M. Constituents of useful plants. IX. Constituents of Arachis hypogaea L.. yakugaku zasshi, 1983, vol. 103, no. 9, p. 997–1000. DOI: 10.1248/yakushi1947.103.9_997. [DOI link]

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit peel (as part-nature) (A067G)
Extraction/Preparation method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Substance:

Pratensein (RF-00011015-PAR)
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

pratensein in pericarps of peanuts

Composition #7: Czerwiecki, Ludwik. Plants as a source of natural harmful substances .. roczniki panstwowego zakladu higieny, 2005, vol. 56, no. 3, p. 215–27. .

Language:

English (en)
Plant part:

Fruit unspecified (as part-nature) (A067D)
Additional extraction description:

unspecified
Substance:

Lectins (RF-00000439-ORG)
Analytical method code:

Unspecified (F598A)
Yes/No Qualitative:

Positive/Present (POS)
Result type:

Qualitative Value (Binary) (BIN)
Internal remarks:

lectins in the fruits

Endpoint study #1: Cossetin, Jocelene Filippin., de Almeida, Amanda Spring., de David Antoniazzi, Caren Tatiane., Kudsi, Sabrina Qader., Engelmann, Ana Martiele., Guex, Camille Gaube., de Oliveira, Juliana Sorraila., Theisen, Maria Carolina., Ritter, Camila Santos., Doleski, Pedro Henrique., Brum, Evelyne da Silva., Dalenogare, Diessica Padilha., Peres, Diulle Spat., Pintos, Francieli Guedes., de Andrade, Cinthia Melazzo., Rosa Leal, Daniela Bitencourt., Oliveira, Sara Marchesan., Bauermann, Liliane de Freitas., Rieffel, Roberta Cougo., Sagrillo, Michele Rorato., Machado, Alencar Kolinski., Soares Santos, Adair Roberto., Trevisan, Gabriela. Hydroalcoholic extract of leaf of Arachis hypogaea L. (Fabaceae) did not induce toxic effects in the repeated-dose toxicity study in rats. regulatory toxicology and pharmacology, 2020, vol. 115 . DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2020.104683. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

hydroalcoholic
Type of toxicological test:

short-term toxicity (CHD017TT)
Guideline used:

According to
Guideline:

OECD GUIDELINE 407 (REPEATED DOSE 28-DAY ORAL TOXICITY IN RODENTS) (OECD1255PL)
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Strain of test organism:

Wistar (CHD013ST)
Sex:

Male/Female
Route of exposure:

ORAL: GAVAGE (OECD2231PL)
Exposure duration:

28.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Number of organisms dosed:

40
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligram/kilogram (G061A)
Effect concentration:

100
Critical effect:

HEPATOTOXICITY (TOX02A)
Target tissue:

digestive: Liver (TT023A)
Effect description:

the dose of 100 mg/kg of PLHE produced a significant reduction in the relative liver weight of the males when compared to the control group
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

organ weights (CHD012BE)
Internal remarks:

Reduction in liver weight in male rats

Endpoint study #2: Cossetin, Jocelene Filippin., de Almeida, Amanda Spring., de David Antoniazzi, Caren Tatiane., Kudsi, Sabrina Qader., Engelmann, Ana Martiele., Guex, Camille Gaube., de Oliveira, Juliana Sorraila., Theisen, Maria Carolina., Ritter, Camila Santos., Doleski, Pedro Henrique., Brum, Evelyne da Silva., Dalenogare, Diessica Padilha., Peres, Diulle Spat., Pintos, Francieli Guedes., de Andrade, Cinthia Melazzo., Rosa Leal, Daniela Bitencourt., Oliveira, Sara Marchesan., Bauermann, Liliane de Freitas., Rieffel, Roberta Cougo., Sagrillo, Michele Rorato., Machado, Alencar Kolinski., Soares Santos, Adair Roberto., Trevisan, Gabriela. Hydroalcoholic extract of leaf of Arachis hypogaea L. (Fabaceae) did not induce toxic effects in the repeated-dose toxicity study in rats. regulatory toxicology and pharmacology, 2020, vol. 115 . DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2020.104683. [DOI link]

Study relevance:

Human health
Plant part:

Leaves (as part-nature) (A0EKT)
Preparation/Extraction method:

Solvent extraction (A0BZR)
Additional plant/substance description:

hydroalcoholic
Type of toxicological test:

short-term toxicity (CHD017TT)
Guideline used:

According to
Guideline:

OECD GUIDELINE 407 (REPEATED DOSE 28-DAY ORAL TOXICITY IN RODENTS) (OECD1255PL)
Tested organism:

Rat (as animal) (A0CNV)
Strain of test organism:

Wistar (CHD013ST)
Sex:

Male/Female
Route of exposure:

ORAL: GAVAGE (OECD2231PL)
Exposure duration:

28.0
Unit of exposure duration:

Day (G134A)
Number of organisms dosed:

40
Control groups used:

yes
Endpoint measured:

Dose level (CHD014EP)
Concentration unit:

Milligram/kilogram (G061A)
Effect concentration:

1000
Critical effect:

NEUROTOXICITY (TOX04A)
Target tissue:

urogenital: Kidneys (TT046A)
Effect description:

dose of 1000 mg/kg caused a significant increase in the total weight of the kidney when compared to the control
Effect or parameter linked to the endpoint:

organ weights (CHD012BE)
Internal remarks:

Increase in kidney weight in male rats